Isotonic dehydration

Description:

Isotonic dehydration is a type of dehydration at which water loss by an organism is followed by excess removal from it of sodium and other osmotically active agents. Their concentration in intercellular liquid at the same time can insignificantly change. In the ode out of intercellular space and out of cells it is brought rather evenly.

Symptoms of Isotonic dehydration:

Isotonic dehydration proceeds against the background of the expressed gastrointestinal syndrome. At deficit of liquid about 2 l appear fatigue, the general weakness. Zhazhyoda can not be. Tachycardia, orthostatic naruyosheniye of blood circulation are noted. Arterial pressure in a prone position normal. With increase in deficit of liquid (to 4 l) there are an apathy, block, thirst, the expressed tachycardia, pressure decreases even in a prone position.
With further increase по­терь isotonic liquid hemodynamic rasyostroystvo amplify, systolic pressure falls lower than 12 kPa (90 mm of mercury.), pulse rate exceeds 100 уд. / min. Skin is pale, dry, its turgor is reduced, the Crocq's disease accrues. The voice is hoarse, on a measure the ukhudsheyoniya of a state comes an aphonia. Features are pointed, around eyes dark circles (a symptom of "points") appear. Skin of brushes становит­ся wrinkled ("beef-steak hand"), eyeballs soft, появляют­ся cracks of language, spasm, in the beginning separate muscles (sural, brushes), and then the general tonic. The oligoanuriya develops. In a teryominalny stage there comes consciousness disturbance, up to a coma.
The condition of heavy dehydration is defined as dehydrational (hypovolemic) shock and demands holding urgent terapevyotichesky actions.

Reasons of Isotonic dehydration:

Results from losses of izoyotonichesky liquid at profuse diarrhea and vomiting (cholera and druyogy intestinal infections with dominance of a gastrointestinal syndrome). Deficit of water and the salts dissolved in it develops with a normal osmotic pressure of plasma. At isotonic dehydration first of all the volume of plasma and intersticial liquid decreases. Therefore the clinical picture is defined by blood circulation nayorusheniye.

Treatment of Isotonic dehydration:

The patient with isotonic type of dehydration intravenously kapelno enter isotonic solutions of sodium and glucose, at a plazmopoter - plasma or its substitutes. For drink use mineral water; food is given preferential in the liquid state (broths, juice, kefir or other), choosing products, to-rye are not contraindicated in connection with the main a disease.