Lymphogranulomatosis (Hodzhkin's Disease)
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Description:
Lymphogranulomatosis (Hodzhken's disease) - the disease which is characterized by a malignant hyperplasia of an adenoid tissue with education in lymph nodes and internals of lymphogranulomas. A lymphogranulomatosis - the most frequent form of lymphoma. The disease was described for the first time by the English doctor Thomas Hodzhken in 1832.
Prevalence of a lymphogranulomatosis makes 1 case on 100 000 children's population. The peak of incidence is the share of preschool age. Boys are ill almost twice more often than girls. In recent years the lymphogranulomatosis is diagnosed more often.
Limfagranulematoz's symptoms (Hodzhkin's Diseases):
The disease, as a rule, begins with increase in one or several lymph nodes, is more often than cervical group (60-80%). The first the patient or his parents quite often notice it. There is a damage of lymph nodes of other groups less often (axillary, inguinal, etc.). When progressing a disease intrathoracic and intra belly lymph nodes are involved in process, the liver and a spleen increase. Gradually the sizes and the number of lymph nodes increase, they form a conglomerate dense, painless, not soldered among themselves and to surrounding fabrics of educations and, on a trope of A. A. Kisel, remind "potato in a bag". Defeat of tissue of lungs, pleurae, a GIT, marrow, a bone skeleton, a nervous system is possible. Fever, night sweats, loss of body weight, bystry fatigue, drowsiness, a loss of appetite, sometimes a skin itch can be the general manifestations of a lymphogranulomatosis.
Limfagranulematoz's reasons (Hodzhkin's Diseases):
The etiology and pathogeny are completely not clear. Noticeable increase in incidence within a certain region and in certain time indicates that the etiological role can belong to viruses and factors of the environment. Believe also that Epstein's virus - Barrel can be a cause of illness.
The diagnosis of a lymphogranulomatosis is established only at detection of typical ("diagnostic") cells of Berezovsky-Read-Shternberg. The nature of truly malignant cell (two-nuclear colossal cell of Berezovsky-Read-Shternberg) remained the unknown before emergence of data on her her possible origin from cells of monocytic and macrophagic system, but not from the transformed lymphocytes. The lymphogranulomatosis distinguishes strict distribution of process from one group of lymph nodes to another (unitsentrichno).
Limfagranulematoz's treatment (Hodzhkin's Diseases):
Treatment is carried out in specialized departments. The volume of medical actions depends on a clinical stage of a disease. Now preference is given to a combination therapy - simultaneous use beam and various schemes of polychemotherapy that gives the chance to improve the long-term results. However surely it is necessary to consider side effects of therapy. Radiation therapy can lead to damage of skin, internals (a beam pulmonitis, a carditis, a pneumosclerosis, a late hypothyroidism, infertility, etc.). Often toxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs develops.
