Allergic dermatitis

Description:

Allergic dermatitis is a disease which develops as response of an organism of the patient to influence of an optional irritant (i.e. substances on which at normal healthy people of allergic reactions does not develop) by direct contact with skin during even rather short time.
In such cases it is accepted to say that the organism of the diseased gained hypersensitivity, or it was sensibilized, in relation to this substance which from the moment of the beginning of a disease becomes for the specific patient with allergen. And the sensitization is quite specific and develops, as a rule, concerning only one certain substance or group of substances, similar on a chemical structure.

Symptoms of Allergic dermatitis:

In many respects clinical displays of a disease remind eczemas, those during an acute stage. Right at the beginning on skin there are enough large sizes of a spot of reddening against the background of which the smallest bubbles begin to form further. They are multiple after burst and emptied, leave constantly becoming wet superficial defects of skin on the place. Small scales and crusts can be formed also in a large number.
The main center of defeat is always located in that place where there was an impact on allergen skin. However any allergic reaction, without excluding also allergic dermatitis, is a disease not of separate body or area of a body, but all organism in general therefore the secondary centers of defeat can appear absolutely on any body part. Generally they represent small small knots, sites of hypostasis, bubbles, reddening spots. These centers can be located on skin very far from the place of direct effect of allergen.
For example, at the disease developing as allergic reaction in response to use of mascara, spots of reddening can have so large sizes that take skin in a face, necks, shoulders, and sometimes and much lower. In most cases all enanthesis is followed by complaints of the patient to a constant intensive itch which breaks everyday life, a night dream, causing sometimes to the patient very strong tortures.

Reasons of Allergic dermatitis:

Allergic dermatitis in essence is allergic reaction of an organism of the slowed-down action, i.e. the allergy forms during rather wide interval of time, at very long contact of an organism with an irritant. Not antibodies, but specific immune cells, generally lymphocytes generally participate in allergic reactions in these cases. Therefore at a research under a microscope of the material received from the pathological center very characteristic sign always comes to light: big accumulations of the immune cells which left a blood channel and moved to the pathological center. Various chemical compounds become allergens for an organism of the diseased most often.
Generally it is different types of laundry detergents, insecticides, chrome, nickel and their connections. It is a lot of allergens among medicines and cosmetics: a sintomitsinovy emulsion, ointments with antibacterial drugs, various paints for coloring of hair, etc. Allergen in itself very often cannot cause allergic reaction as has very small sizes owing to what it is not distinguished by immune cells of an organism. However, getting to a blood stream, he takes up with blood proteins which rather large. As a result the turned-out connections begin to play a role of allergens. Special value in formation of a contact allergy, i.e. an allergy as a result of direct contact of an irritant with skin, is given recently to cells phagocytes which are directly in skin layers.
These cells have ability to absorb and digest allergens and the cell-bound immune complexes (the allergen which is chemically connected with immune protein) which are in skin. Already only several hours later after putting the corresponding allergen on skin of the person, sensitive to it, the quantity them is capable to increase of several orders. At the same time all allergens are adsorbed on a surface of phagocytes and related. Besides, phagocytes are capable not only to digest allergens, but also to promote their contact with specific immune cells therefore in an organism of the patient there is a developed immune response. At repeated hits of allergens in an organism the huge number of immune cells and antibodies, already available, "familiar" with them, directs to the place of their implementation.
Allergic reaction at the same time happens much more violently, than for the first time. In turn, the substances emitted by these cells promote a bigger penetration of phagocytes and lymphocytes into the inflammation center. These substances are also responsible for the general defense reactions and from skin: edematization, vasodilatation and reddening, strengthening of an itch, etc.

Treatment of Allergic dermatitis:

Treatment of allergic dermatitis is carried out by results of inspection. The dermatologist after definition of allergen selects individual effective therapy. For treatment of allergic dermatitis the local and general desensibilizing therapy is actively used, the hypoallergenic diet is selected. National treatment of dermatitis unlike professional medical does not lead to recovery.