GLUCOSE

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: glucose; 1 l of solution of glucose of monohydrate (in terms of glucose anhydrous) – 50 g; Excipient: water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Solution of glucose of 5% изотоничен to a blood plasma and at its intravenous administration fills up the volume of the circulating blood, at its loss is a source of nutritious material, and also promotes removal of poisons from an organism. Glucose provides substrate not of replenishment of energy costs. At intravenous injections activates metabolic processes, improves anti-toxic function of a liver, increases sokratitelny activity of a myocardium, expands vessels, increases a diuresis.
 
Pharmacokinetics. After introduction it is quickly distributed in body tissues. It Ekskretirutsya by kidneys.

Indications to use:

- Hyper - and isotonic dehydration;
- at children for prevention of disturbances of water and electrolytic balance of time of operative measures;                         
- intoxication;
- hypoglycemia;
- as solvent of other compatible solutions of medicines;

Route of administration and doses:

Drug is used intravenously kapelno. The dose for adults makes up to 1500 ml a day. The maximum daily dose for adults makes 2000 ml. If necessary the maximum rate of administering for adults – 150 drops a minute (500 ml/hour).

Features of use:

Drug very carefully should be used at patients with intracraneal and intra spinal hemorrhages.
 
At prolonged intravenous use of drug control of level of sugar in blood is necessary.
 
For the purpose of the prevention of emergence of hypoosmolarity of plasma of 5% solution of glucose can be combined with administration of isotonic solution of sodium chloride.
 
At introduction of high doses if necessary appoint insulin under skin at the rate of   1 PIECE to 4-5 g of glucose.
 
The maintenance of a container can be used only for one patient. After disturbance of tightness of a container an unused part of contents of a container should be thrown out.

Side effects:

Disturbances of electrolytic balance and the general reactions of an organism which arise when performing massive infusions:

• hypopotassemia;
• hypophosphatemia;
• hypomagnesiemia;
• hyponatremia;
• hypervolemia;
• hyperglycemia;
• allergic reactions (hyperthermia, skin rashes, Quincke's disease, shock).
 
Disturbance from digestive tract:

• very seldom – nausea of the central origin.
 
In case of side reactions administration of solution should be stopped, to estimate a condition of the patient and to give help.

Interaction with other medicines:

At simultaneous use with tiazidny diuretics and furosemide it is necessary to consider their ability to influence glucose level in serum. Insulin promotes hit of glucose in peripheral fabrics. Solution of glucose reduces toxic influence of Pyrazinamidum on a liver. Introduction of large volume of solution of glucose promotes development of a hypopotassemia that increases toxicity of at the same time used foxglove drugs. Glucose is incompatible in solutions with aminophylline, soluble barbiturates, a hydrocortisone, Kanamycinum, soluble streptocides, cyanocobalamine.

Contraindications:

Solution of glucose of 5% is contraindicated to patients with:
- hyperglycemia;
- hypersensitivity to active ingredient.
 
Not to administer the drug along with blood preparations.

Overdose:

Symptoms. Strengthening of manifestations of side reactions. Development of a hyperglycemia and a hypotonic overhydratation is possible.

Treatment. In case of overdose of drug appoint a symptomatic treatment and administration of drugs of usual insulin.

Storage conditions:

At a temperature not above 25ºС. To store in the place, unavailable to children.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

In bottles on 200 ml.