Piracetam

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 200 mg of piracetam.

Excipients: potato starch, povidone, magnesium carbonate the main, calcium stearate, sucrose, silicon dioxide colloid, titanium dioxide.

The drug exerting positive impact on exchange processes and cerebral circulation.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Nootropic means. Increases glucose utilization, improves the course of metabolic processes, improves microcirculation in ischemic zones, inhibits aggregation of the activated thrombocytes. Has protective action at the injuries of a brain caused by a hypoxia, intoxication, an electroshock. Improves integrative activity of a brain. Has no sedative and psychogogic effect.

Pharmacokinetics. At intake it is quickly and almost completely soaked up from a GIT. Cmax in plasma is reached approximately in 30 min., in liquor - in 2-8 h. The seeming Vd makes 0.6 l/kg. Does not contact proteins of a blood plasma.

It is distributed in all bodies and fabrics, gets through GEB and a placental barrier. Selectively collects in tissues of a cerebral cortex, it is preferential in frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, in a cerebellum and basal gangliya.

T1/2 of plasma makes 4-5 h, of liquor - 6-8 h. It is removed by kidneys in not changed look. At a renal failure of T1/2 increases.

Indications to use:

Memory disturbances, dizziness, decrease in concentration of attention, emotional lability, dementia owing to disturbances of cerebral circulation (an ischemic stroke), brain injuries, at Alzheimer's disease, at advanced age; comas of vascular, traumatic or toxic genesis; treatment of abstinence and psychoorganic syndrome at an alcoholism; the disturbances of learnability at children which are not connected with inadequate training or features of domestic surroundings (as a part of a combination therapy); a sickemia (as a part of a combination therapy).

Route of administration and doses:

Adult inside - 30-160 mg/kg/days in 2-4 receptions. Treatment duration - 6-8 weeks.

To children inside - 30-50 mg/kg/days in 2-3 receptions. It is necessary to continue treatment not less than 3 weeks.

Features of use:

With care apply at patients with the expressed disturbance of a hemostasis, at big surgeries and heavy bleedings; with a renal failure.

Constant control of indicators of function of kidneys is recommended.

In case of sleep disorders it is recommended to cancel evening reception of piracetam, having attached this dose to day reception.

Adequate and strictly controlled researches of safety of use of piracetam at pregnancy were not conducted. Use is possible only in cases when the estimated advantage for mother surpasses possible risk for a fruit.

Piracetam, apparently, gets into breast milk. In need of use in the period of a lactation it is necessary to resolve an issue of the breastfeeding termination.

In pilot studies on animals the negative impact of piracetam on a fruit was not revealed.

Side effects:

From the alimentary system: seldom - dispeptic symptoms, abdominal pains.

From TsNS: seldom - nervousness, excitement, irritability, concern, frustration of a dream, dizziness, a headache, a tremor, in certain cases - weakness, drowsiness.

Others: increase in sexual activity.

Interaction with other medicines:

The case of interaction of piracetam at simultaneous use with the extract of a thyroid gland containing triiodothyronine and тетрайодтиронин when at the patient were noted concern, irritability and frustration of a dream is described.

At simultaneous use with drugs of hormones of a thyroid gland development of the central effects - a tremor, concern, irritability, sleep disorders, confusion of consciousness is possible.

At simultaneous use of stimulators of TsNS strengthening of psychogogic action is possible.

At simultaneous use with neuroleptics strengthening of extrapyramidal disturbances is observed.

Contraindications:

Hemorrhagic stroke, heavy renal failure (at KK <20 ml/min.), hypersensitivity to piracetam.

Overdose:

At overdose strengthening of possible side effects is noted.

First aid - a gastric lavage, reception of absorbent carbon.

Storage conditions:

To store in dry, protected from light and the place, unavailable to children, at a temperature not above 30 °C.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

60 pieces - banks of dark glass (1) - a pack cardboard.
60 pieces - banks polymeric (1) - packs cardboard.
10 pieces - planimetric strip packagings (6) - packs cardboard.