Acetylsalicylic acid

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 250 mg or 500 mg of acetylsalicylic acid.

Excipients: potato starch, talc, citric acid.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Has the antiinflammatory, analgeziruyushchy and febrifugal effect connected with suppression of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2, prostaglandins regulating synthesis. Reduces aggregation, a platelet stickness and a thrombogenesis due to suppression of synthesis of A2 thromboxane in thrombocytes. The anti-aggregation effect remains within 7 days after a single dose (it is more expressed at men, than at women).

Indications to use:

Moderately or poorly expressed pain syndrome at adults of various origin (a headache, a dentagra, a dorsodynia and muscles, a joint pain, pain at periods).

The increased body temperature at catarrhal and other infectious and inflammatory diseases (at adults and children 15 years are more senior).

Route of administration and doses:

At a pain syndrome of weak and average intensity and feverish states the single dose makes 0,5-1 g, the maximum single dose – 1 g, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 3 g. Intervals between administrations of drug have to be not less than 4 hours. For reduction of irritant action by digestive tract drug should be accepted after food, washing down with water, milk, alkaline mineral water.

Treatment duration (without consultation with the doctor) should not exceed 5 days at appointment as anesthetic and more than 3 days – as an antipyretic.

Features of use:

Acetylsalicylic acid can cause a bronchospasm, an attack of bronchial asthma or other hypersensitivity reactions. Risk factors are existence of bronchial asthma, polyps of a nose, fever, chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, allergy cases in the anamnesis (allergic rhinitises, an enanthesis).

Acetylsalicylic acid can increase tendency to bleeding that is connected with its inhibiting influence on aggregation of thrombocytes. It should be considered in need of surgical interventions, including such small interventions as an odontectomy. Before surgical intervention, for reduction of bleeding during operation and in the post-operational period, it is necessary to cancel administration of drug in 5-7 days and to inform the doctor.

Children cannot appoint the drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid as in case of a viral infection the risk of emergence of a syndrome to Reja increases. Syndrome symptoms to Reja are long vomiting, acute encephalopathy, increase in a liver.

In need of use of drug in the period of a lactation breastfeeding should be stopped.

Acetylsalicylic acid reduces removal of uric acid from an organism that can become the reason of a bad attack of gout at predisposed patients.

Influence of administration of drug on control of the vehicle and other mechanisms is not revealed.

Side effects:

From digestive tract: abdominal pains, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, explicit (vomiting with blood, a tar-like chair) or the hidden symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding which can lead to an iron deficiency anemia, erosive cankers (including with perforation) digestive tract, isolated cases – abnormal liver functions (increase in hepatic transaminases).

From the central nervous system: dizziness, a sonitus (usually are overdose signs).

From system of a hemopoiesis: increase in risk of bleeding that is a consequence of influence of acetylsalicylic acid on aggregation of thrombocytes.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, anaphylactic reactions, bronchospasm, Quincke's edema.

At emergence of similar symptoms it is recommended to stop administration of drug and to see immediately the attending physician.

Interaction with other medicines:

Acetylsalicylic acid increases toxicity of a methotrexate, effects of narcotic analgetics, other NPVP, peroral hypoglycemic drugs, heparin, indirect anticoagulants, trombolitik and angibitor of aggregation of thrombocytes, streptocides (including co-trimoxazole), triiodothyronine; reduces – uricosuric drugs (бензбромарон, Sulfinpyrazonum), antihypertensives and diuretics (Spironolactonum, furosemide).

Glucocorticosteroids, alcohol and alkogolsoderzhashchy drugs increase the damaging action by a mucous membrane of a GIT, increase risk of development of gastrointestinal bleedings.

Acetylsalicylic acid increases concentration of digoxin, barbiturates and drugs of lithium in a blood plasma.

The antacids containing magnesium and/or aluminum hydroxide slow down and worsen absorption of acetylsalicylic acid.

Contraindications:

- hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid and other NPVP or other components of drug;
- digestive tract erosive cankers (in an aggravation phase);
- hemorrhagic diathesis;
- the combined use of a methotrexate in a dose of 15 mg a week and more;
- asthma caused by reception of salicylates or other NPVP;
- pregnancy (I and III trimester), breastfeeding period.

Drug is not appointed to children up to 15 years with the acute respiratory diseases caused by viral infections because of risk of development of a syndrome to Reja (encephalopathy and acute fatty dystrophy of a liver with acute development of a liver failure).

With care – at the accompanying therapy by anticoagulants, gout, a peptic ulcer of a stomach and/or a duodenum (in the anamnesis), including a chronic or recurrent current of a peptic ulcer, or episodes of gastrointestinal bleedings; renal and/or liver failure, deficit glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy.

Overdose:

Symptoms. Overdose of moderate severity: nausea, vomiting, sonitus, hearing disorder, headache, dizziness and confusion of consciousness. These symptoms pass at a drug dose decline.

Heavy overdose: fever, a hyperventilation, a ketosis, a respiratory alkalosis, a metabolic acidosis, a coma, cardiogenic shock, respiratory insufficiency, the expressed hypoglycemia.

Treatment: hospitalization, lavage, reception of absorbent carbon, monitoring of acid-base balance, an alkaline diuresis to receive рН urine between 7,5-8 (the forced alkaline diuresis is considered reached if concentration of salicylate in a blood plasma makes more than 500 mg/l (3,6 mmol/l) at adults or children have 300 mg/l (2,2 mmol/l)), a hemodialysis, compensation of loss of liquid, symptomatic therapy.

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry place. To store in the place, unavailable to children! A period of validity - 4 years. Not to use after the term specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

Tablets on 250 or 500 mg. On 10 tablets in planimetric bezjyacheykovy packaging; on 10, 20, 30 tablets in a blister strip packaging; on 30, 40 tablets in bank from glass melt, bank like BDS, a glass jar or bank of polymeric. Each can or 1, 2, 3, 10 planimetric packagings together with the application instruction place in a pack; on 500 planimetric packagings with the equal number of application instructions place in a box.