Thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery
Contents:
Description:
The thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery (TELA) is an acute obstruction of branches of a pulmonary artery the blood clots formed in veins of a big circle of blood circulation.
The thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery makes up to 50% of mortality in cardiological departments of hospital hospitals, she is the main reason for death of postoperative patients. Sudden death in 1/3 cases is explained by a thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery. About 20% of patients with TELA, and more than a half of them in the first 2 hours after developing of an embolism die.
Symptoms of the Thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery:
Symptoms of a thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery depend on the nature of obstruction of vessels: caliber of the corked vessel, localization of blood clot, the number of the corked vessels.
The very first symptom is a sudden asthma (breath increase).
Besides it is observed
* the thorax pain giving to a shoulder, a hand
* pneumorrhagia,
* heartbeat.
* at the extensive volume of obstruction of a vessel, cyanosis of an upper half of a body, swelling of superficial veins of a neck appears.
Reasons of the Thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery:
Most often the blood clots which arose in deep veins and most often in deep veins of the lower extremities happen the reason of TELA. Much more rare it is blood clots from veins of a basin, a cavity of a stomach, upper extremities, the right departments of heart. Promote formation of blood clots a bed rest, especially at patients with diseases of lungs, a myocardial infarction, operations for a hip fracture. And most often at patients with injuries of a spinal cord. Occasionally the thromboembolism of pulmonary arteries can arise also at healthy people who long are in forced situation. For example, at flight by the airplane.
Treatment of the Thromboembolism of a pulmonary artery:
Treatment of patients with TELA has to be performed in intensive care units.
In the conditions of acute management at a loss of consciousness: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, an oxygenotherapy and stopping of a pain syndrome narcotic analgetics, non-narcotic analgesics, anticoagulating drugs and fibrinolitic therapy in the conditions of a hospital.
At large embolisms the embolectomy in surgical (vascular) department is made.
