Metacarpal bone

The metacarpal bone represents the short tubular bone located on a brush and departing from a wrist in the form of a beam. At the person on each hand up to five metacarpal bones. Each bone consists of the basis, a body and a head. These bones connect joints to bones of a wrist and the basis of the first phalanx of fingers of a hand.

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Structure of a metacarpal bone

Metacarpal bones are counted from a thumb of a hand and have the curved form to a brush. In each such bone there are a body and an epiphysis. The body of a metacarpal bone has three surfaces – back, medial and side. Medial and side surfaces are divided by a comb where there is an opening passing in a nutrient canal.

The body of a metacarpal bone is bent in the back, and side surfaces of the basis represent joint platforms which connect adjacent bones. Joint surfaces have the saddle form.

The basis of the third metacarpal bone has a shoot of awl-shaped type. In the bottom of a distal part the head of a metacarpal bone of spherical shape is located. Side surfaces of a head of a metacarpal bone rough.

Each head of a metacarpal bone and its body can be probed through skin on a brush surface. Between metacarpal bones there are interosseous intervals which are called pyastyam.

Injuries of metacarpal bones

The most widespread injuries are fractures of a metacarpal bone, the basis, diaphysis and phalanxes of fingers. Most often the fracture of the first and fifth metacarpal bones meets. The injury can be done by direct stroke about a blunt object.

In rare instances there are fractures of the second, third and fourth metacarpal bones. Usually such change happens because of an injury of a brush or punch about a blunt object.

The fracture of a metacarpal bone at the basis happens several types: intra articulate, extra articulate and cross. Symptoms are pain in the field of a change, hypostasis, impossibility of bending of a finger, and at palpation of the place of a change the pain syndrome amplifies. Bennet's change is called the injury at which there is a splinter of triangular shape, and also dislocation towards a beam bone. The complicated change with dislocation is called Roland's change. The exact diagnosis is established by means of radiological survey.

Treatment of a change of the basis begins with a local anesthesia and imposing of a plaster bandage to the place of a change. At serious damages and existence of splinters surgical intervention is carried out. The plaster bandage is applied five weeks, and after its removal, to the patient physiotherapy exercises and physical therapy are appointed.

Seldom the change of a diaphysis of a metacarpal bone which passes with shift or without shift meets. Symptoms are pain in the field of an injury, strong loading and shift of the first finger of a brush.

Treatment begins with the roentgenogram and overlaying of a plaster bandage from a forearm to the basis of fingers. In certain cases operational treatment and fixing of fingers by means of spokes is required.

The fracture of phalanxes of fingers occurs at strong direct or indirect stroke of a finger. Such change has several types: cross, spiral, splintered, intra articulate and extra articulate. Symptoms are pain, a hand swelling, finger hypostasis, painful feelings at extension of a brush. At the first survey deformation of a finger is observed.

Treatment begins with comparison of splinters of the broken bone and return of normal position of a phalanx. On a finger for 30 days it is imposed plaster steak or the tire. At serious damages the finger is fixed spokes and a bone pin, and then the plaster bandage is applied.

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