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Proteins (protein)

Proteins (protein) (proteinum, pl. proteina) – the polymers containing the amino acids connected by a peptide bond in a certain sequence; are the main and necessary component of all organisms.

Types of proteins:

  • The proteins acyltransferring: participating in a combination with oxidizing enzymes and with trans-acylelements in biosynthesis of higher fatty acids; the polypeptides having the molecular weight 10 000, and covalently connected with 4-fosfopantoteiny through the serine rest;
  • Proteins virusospetsifichesky: having information coded in a virus genome for the synthesis;
  • Proteins virusindutsiruyemy: forming in the cells infected with a virus;
  • Proteins virus structural: the virusospetsifichesky proteins which are in composition of virion some of virus structural proteins have enzymatic activity;
  • Proteins virus nonstructural: the virusospetsifichesky squirrels which are not present at composition of virion, but participating in a virus reproduction; are formed in the cells infected with a virus;
  • Proteins unavailable: the food proteins which are not hydrolyzed under the influence of digestive enzymes and not assimilated by a human body;
  • Reserve proteins: used by an organism in case of insufficient intake of proteins with food, are stored preferential in muscles and a liver;
  • Food proteins: being in structure of foodstuff;
  • Crude proteins: a hygienic indicator – the amount of proteins in a food stuff calculated on the content of the nitrogen which is present at it;
  • Assimilable proteins: the food proteins split to amino acids by the enzymes which are a part of digestive juices, and used by an organism for biosynthesis or obtaining energy;
  • Protein C-reactive: the beta globulin revealed in blood serum in the presence of some dystrophic, inflammatory, tumoral diseases.
 
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The most rare disease – a disease the Kura. Only representatives of the tribe Faure in New Guinea are ill it. The patient dies of laughter. It is considered that eating of a human brain is an origin of a disease.