Trichinosis

General information about a disease

Trichinosis is a focal natural disease which is caused by trichinellas and is followed by fever, allergic reactions, defeat of the vital systems and bodies. A trichinosis meets on all continents. The greatest number of the diseased is registered in those countries where the population eats pork, bear and badger meat. In general, trichinellas parasitize more than at 70 species of mammals therefore it is possible to catch also from many other animals.

What occurs when activators get into an organism?

Having got into a body of the carrier, larvae first of all migrate towards skeletal muscles. There they get in muscle fibers and continue to develop until, will not reach a stage of an invasive larva yet. In this state they are surrounded with the special capsule in which ideal conditions for life activity of parasites are created. Besides, by means of a peculiar protective suit causative agents of trichinosis with ease maintain influence of acid and alkaline environments. It is very important point, the puberal generation of trichinellas develops in a stomach and the owner's intestines. In most cases a trichinosis which treatment can be required by the person practically at any age is shown after the use of insufficiently boiled thoroughly or fried thoroughly pork and fat. Quite often the family outbreaks of trichinosis as all family members can eat the infected products at the same time come to light.

Trichinosis symptoms

Symptoms of a trichinosis appear in 10-20 days. Depending on a number of factors this term can be reduced or, on the contrary, increase. At the same time the rule works well-known to doctors: the disease form is heavier, the trichinosis symptoms are shown quicker. At especially malignant current the first symptoms of a trichinosis are observed in 2-3 days after the use of low-quality products, but It should be noted that in recent years at people an asymptomatic trichinosis which diagnosis represents rather difficult task even more often comes to light. It is connected with the fact that, first, the incubation interval increases to 4-5 weeks, and secondly, the disease proves only an easy indisposition and insignificant muscle pains. Respectively, at first doctors try to treat patients for anything, but not for a trichinosis.

At an easy current a trichinosis proves sharp fervescence, weakness, headaches. Several hours later after emergence of the first symptoms of a trichinosis temperature decreases to 37-37,5 degrees and remains at this level about a week. Except insignificant heat, patients can feel gastrocnemius and lumbar muscle pains.

The medium-weight form of a disease begins also with a raising of temperature and fever, but then at patients also other symptoms of a trichinosis develop:

• puffiness of the person;
• dacryagogue;
• conjunctivitis;
• photophobia;
• allergic reactions.

Approximately in 30% of cases at patients with a trichinosis pathologies from bronchopulmonary system are observed: pharyngitises, pneumonia, pleurisy. Sometimes happens extremely difficult precisely to establish that place where a trichinosis – symptoms develops disappear, appear in absolutely other bodies as the infiltrates revealed at X-ray inspection often change the location.

In certain cases a moderately severe trichinosis is followed by defeats of cardiovascular system. At patients are registered: increase in number of cordial reductions, disturbances of exchange processes in a cardiac muscle, dullness of cordial tones, an asthma. At children defeats of immune system, a hyperadenosis and spleens can join above-mentioned pathologies.

Special danger is constituted by a heavy trichinosis which treatment begins with stopping of acute symptoms. Patients feel very severe muscular pains. Quite often they are so intensive that the person cannot make the elementary movements. Besides, a considerable inconvenience to patients is given also by high temperature. It reaches 40-41 degrees and keeps within a week. Very quickly patients have hypostases on a trunk and extremities which extend to internals and the central nervous system, leading to disturbances in work of the vital centers. At a heavy current a trichinosis also causes numerous, pronounced allergic reactions. Rash can be shown on all body parts and is inclined to association of the separate centers in larger educations.

From other characteristic symptoms of a trichinosis of a severe form we would like to note:

• abdominal pains;
• disturbances of a chair (a diarrhea with blood impurity);
• nausea, vomiting;
• increase in a liver and spleen;
• sleep disorders;
• spasms, nonsense;
• epileptic seizures

Many of above-mentioned defeats can lead to the death of the person finally. For this reason at any suspicions of trichinosis treatment has to begin right after statement of the correct diagnosis. Certainly, self-treatment by means of national recipes in this case is inadmissible. Acute allergic reactions of a myocardium and the heavy pneumonia which is followed by bronchitis are the most frequent reasons of a lethal outcome.

Diagnosis of a trichinosis

If there are sufficient bases to assume a trichinosis (the symptoms appearing after the use of pork, and other characteristic symptoms of a disease), then carrying out laboratory researches is necessary. First of all, at patients the analysis a calla in which it is possible to find larvae of trichinellas and adults special, but the most reliable diagnosis of a trichinosis undertakes the biopsy of muscular tissue and skin allergy tests are considered.

Treatment of a trichinosis

During treatment of a trichinosis specialists use mintezoly, albendazole, Vermoxum and antihistaminic drugs. At myocarditis and a pneumonitis corticosteroids are appointed sick. The course of treatment of a trichinosis lasts to a complete recovery of motive ability and normalization of functions of internals. Muscular pains at the same time can remain within the next 3-6 months therefore walks in the fresh air and physical exercises are recommended to people.