Leiomyosarcoma

Description:

The leiomyosarcoma represents the malignant tumor which is formed of smooth muscular tissue. Average age of a disease makes from 40 to 60 years. However cases of early developing of a tumor in 5 months and emergence of a leiomyosarcoma in persons of senile age are described. The tumor differs in quickly progressing growth with high degree of a zlokachestvennost, at the same time it often recurs and at early stages gives metastasises in other bodies.
Classification of a leiomyosarcoma is carried out depending on the most frequent localization of pathological process:

    * retroperitoneal space
    * bodies of digestive tract
    * uterus
    * muscles of extremities
    * skin
    * hypodermic cellulose
    * generative organs

It should be noted that the leiomyomas localized in skin, hypodermic cellulose, and superficial tumors of generative organs are traditionally united in one group. On total amount from all localizations  skin and hypodermic leiomyosarcomas have about 7%. Substrate for development of skin leiomyosarcomas are the muscles raising a hair and muscles of sweat glands. Hypodermic leiomyosarcomas develop from smooth muscles of hypodermic vascular network (a venule, an arteriole).

Epithelioid and granular cell options of leiomyosarcomas meet.

Also division of leiomyosarcomas on stages depending on quantity of cells, degree of a differentiation, a necrosis, vascularization (security of a tumor with vessels) is carried out.

Leiomyosarcoma symptoms:

Emergence of a leiomyosarcoma can be suspected on such signs:

    * Emergence of a tumorous new growth on skin of extremities, trunks, the heads, necks in the form of a plaque of irregular shape of the plotnoelastichesky consistence which is located in deep layers of a derma
    * Skin discoloration over education (most often it has red, blue or sand color)
    * An ulceration over a tumor
    * Tumor bleeding
    * Emergence of homotopic pains
    * Disturbances in work of internals at localization of a tumor in a uterus, intestines, an abdominal cavity.

Leiomyosarcoma reasons:

At the moment still specific carcinogens and factors of the environment which are the cornerstone of an etiology of this disease are definitely not defined. However a number of the factors increasing risk of development of leiomyosarcomas is known:

    * Injuries – certain authors noted emergence of leiomyosarcomas on places of traumatization.
    * Beam loading – the risk of development of leiomyosarcomas in places of radiation of fabrics is rather high.
    * The malignancy – exists the theory about a possibility of development of leiomyosarcomas from leiomyomas owing to an ozlokachestvleniye of the last, however it is not proved.

Treatment of the Leiomyosarcoma:

    * Surgical treatment – consists in carrying out operation on an oncotomy. At hypodermic sarcomas make removal with capture of its pseudo-capsule. At skin option the tumor with capture of 2 centimeters within not changed skin is excised. Removal of lymph nodes is made in the presence of lymphogenous innidiation at this patient. Surgical excision of metastasises of cancer is carried out to lungs, a liver.
    * Radiation therapy - radiation therapy, as well as at sarcomas of any other histologic type, it is shown if the tumor more than 5 cm in a size and has high degree of a zlokachestvennost. The timely roentgenotherapy before a large tumor operation allows to carry out less radical intervention because of stabilization of growth of a tumor and innidiation.
    * The combined treatment - broad excision of a tumor in combination with a roentgenotherapy or amputation of an extremity is carried out at the isolated local recurrence.
    * The chemotherapy - is carried out at leiomyosarcoma metastasises to other bodies. Treatment is carried out by courses of reception of tsitostatik,  growth-inhibiting and reproduction of cells of a tumor.