Lymphocytosis
Description:
Increase in lymphocytes in peripheral blood at adults more than 3,6*109/l is regarded as a lymphocytosis. For children the level of lymphocytes which is regarded as the lymphocytosis, strongly fluctuates depending on age. So, for example, in the first days after the birth the norm of leukocytes at children fluctuates in limits 9,0-32,0*109/l, and 22-25% of total quantity of leukocytes fall to the share of lymphocytes, respectively, at this age at children the normal level of lymphocytes in blood fluctuates in limits 2,0-9,0*109/l and increase in lymphocytes more than 9,0*109/l will be considered as a lymphocytosis. At the age of 1-2 years the norm of leukocytes in blood fluctuates in limits 6,0-17,0*109/l, and 50-62% of total quantity of leukocytes fall to the share of lymphocytes in this age, therefore in blood children at this age will have a normal level of lymphocytes 3,0-10,0*109/l and increase in lymphocytes more than 10,0*109/l will be considered as a lymphocytosis. At the age of 6 years the norm of leukocytes in blood fluctuates in limits 6,0-11,0*109/l, and 32-45% of total quantity of leukocytes fall to the share of lymphocytes in this age, therefore in blood children at this age will have a normal level of lymphocytes 1,8-5,0*109/l and increase in lymphocytes in blood more than 5,0*109/l will be considered as a lymphocytosis. Since 6 years the quantity of lymphocytes gradually decreases and by 18 years fluctuates within 1,0-4,0.
Lymphocytosis symptoms:
Relative and absolute lymphocytosis.
Relative lymphocytosis is called increase in percentage of lymphocytes in a leukocytic formula at their normal absolute value in blood. Example: There is in an organism a massive pyoinflammatory process, or the level of leukocytes moderated against the background of organism exhaustion, at the same time in the general clinical blood test will be low, for example 3,5*109/l. At the expense of what leukocytes decreased? In this case at the expense of neutrophils since purulent process, and the quantity of lymphocytes remains at the previous level. And so, in the leykoformul the percent of lymphocytes will be increased since the quantity of neutrophils decreased, i.e. the ratio of kinds of leukocytes (eosinophils, basophiles, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) changed. That's it such increase in percentage of lymphocytes in the leykoformul is also called a relative lymphocytosis.
The absolute lymphocytosis, unlike relative, is connected with increase in total quantity of lymphocytes in blood and meets at the diseases and morbid conditions which are followed by the strengthened stimulation of a lymphopoiesis.
Lymphocytosis reasons:
Reasons of an absolute lymphocytosis:
acute viral infection
whooping cough
infectious mononucleosis
acute viral hepatitis
Cytomegaloviral infection
diseases of lymphatic system: chronic lymphoid leukosis, Valdenstrem's macroglobulinemia
toxoplasmosis
Chagas disease
tuberculosis
brucellosis
and others.
Reasons of a relative lymphocytosis:
age less than 2 years
acute viral infection
rheumatic diseases
hyperthyroidism
Addison's disease
splenomegaly
Treatment of the Lymphocytosis:
Treatment of a basic disease is carried out.
