Prevention of alcoholism

Description:

Prevention of alcoholism consists of two strategy:
1.        Decrease in the risk factors leading to alcoholism;
2.        Strengthening of factors which lower a susceptibility to alcoholism.
For anybody not a secret that certain life situations can promote or interfere with the beginning of alcohol intake. The circumstances promoting alcohol intake – are called risk factors. And the circumstances reducing alcohol intake – are called protection factors.
Risk factors:
•          Problems with mental or physical health of the individual;
•          The children born and who are brought up by parents alcoholics;
•          Communication with the people who are regularly taking alcohol and lack of resistance to pressure of peers;
•          Personal qualities (low intelligence, a low self-assessment, changeability of mood, uncertainty in, unwillingness to adhere to social norms, values and behavior, etc.);
•          Early sexual activity;
•          Frequent conflicts in a family, low level of the income in a family;
•          Bad progress at school, unwillingness to study;
•          Problems at communication with relatives, peers.

Protection factors:
•          Wellbeing in a family, unity of family members, good education, lack of the conflicts in a family;
•          High I.Q., physical and mental health, resistance to stresses;
•          Good level of prosperity, security with housing;
•          Regular medical observation;
•          Low level of criminalization in the settlement;
•          A high self-assessment, ability to effectively solve the arisen problems, resistance to pressure, ability to control emotions and the behavior;
•          Respect for public norms.

From stated above it becomes clear that prevention of alcoholism aims to strengthen before itself factors of protection and whenever possible to remove risk factors.
In the course of the life influence the person both risk factors, and factors of protection and the more risk factors, the chance to become the alcoholic is more. There is no only factor which would promote development of alcoholism.
Prevention of alcoholism is subdivided:
1.        Primary prevention of alcoholism;
2.        Secondary prevention of alcoholism;
3.        Tertiary prevention of alcoholism.

Primary prevention of alcoholism aims to warn the beginning of alcohol intake by persons, before it not using. Primary prevention of alcoholism is aimed, first of all, at children, teenagers, youth. Primary prevention of alcoholism promotes reduction of number of people who can have an alcoholism, and its efforts are directed not so much to the prevention of alcoholism how many on preservation or strengthening of health.

Secondary prevention of alcoholism is selective. It is directed to people who already tried alcohol or on people at whom signs of alcohol addiction already form.

Tertiary prevention of alcoholism is directed to people dependent on alcohol and is preferential medical. Tertiary prevention of alcoholism has two directions:
1.        it is directed to the prevention of a further alcohol abuse or to reduction of future harm from its use, to assistance in overcoming alcohol addiction;
2.        it is directed to the prevention of a recurrence at the people who stopped taking alcohol.