Defect of an interatrial partition

Description:

Defect of an interatrial partition is a widespread heart disease, meets at women more often.

Defects of an interatrial partition like sinus venosus are located in an upper part of an interatrial partition, near the place of a confluence of an upper vena cava, in the same area also an abnormal confluence of the right pulmonary veins often is found.

Defects of an interatrial partition like armor. ostium primum, on the contrary, are located at the very bottom of an interatrial partition, over AV-valves; the last are often changed, possible mitral insufficiency and tricuspid insufficiency. Defects of an interatrial partition like ostium primum are a component of the AV-channel - defect which is especially characteristic of a Down syndrome and can also include defects of the AV-partition and defects of zadnenizhny department of an interventricular partition and the uniform AV-valve (a front shutter mitral and a septal shutter three-leaved valves are connected and form a uniform shutter).

Defect of an interatrial partition like ostium secundum - the most frequent of defects of an interatrial partition - is in its center, in the field of an oval pole. It should be distinguished from an open oval window: soon after the birth it is usually closed and grows (the small opening passing a catheter - norm option). In case of defect it is about the lack of fabric of an interatrial partition leading to blood dumping.

The size of dumping depends on the extent of defect, a pliability of ventricles and the relation of pulmonary vascular resistance to OPSS. Dumping conducts to an overload of a right ventricle volume and to increase in a pulmonary blood-groove from left to right.

Symptoms of Defect of an interatrial partition:

In the childhood of floggings usually proceeds asymptomatically though the delay of physical development and frequent pneumonia are possible. Most often complaints appear in 30-40 years: atrial arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertensia, bidirectional dumping of blood, and then dumping from right to left, heart failure develop. At a chronic hypoxia (life in mountains) pulmonary hypertensia develops quicker. Sometimes at elderly dumping from left to right suddenly increases: it happens because of decrease in a pliability of a left ventricle against the background of arterial hypertensia or an ischemic heart disease.

Reasons of Defect of an interatrial partition:

This syndrome develops as a malformation in an embryogenesis, at laying of bodies.

Treatment of Defect of an interatrial partition:

Is defined the indication to operational treatment by the extent of defect and clinical manifestations. At the first degree of pulmonary hypertensia (increase in pressure of blood in a pulmonary artery) and the size of dumping of blood from left in the right auricle less than 30% if there are no complaints and other manifestations of defect, operation can not be made. Operations on closing of defect of an interventricular partition are carried out since 1953. Their equipment is well fulfilled. Defect is taken in or closed by a patch from synthetic material or biomaterial, what is more preferable, as there are blood clots in the place of a patch less often.

Mortality at operational treatment of the isolated defect of an interatrial partition no more than 0,5%. It increases in the presence of the accompanying heart pathology at patients of the senior age groups a little. Within a month after operation the child undergoes recovery treatment. Then visit of school is allowed to it, but the exercise stress within a year is limited.