Miconazolum

Miconazolum – the antifungal and antiinflammatory synthetic drug which is widely applied in gynecology.

Pharmacological action

Active ingredient of drug – Miconazolum nitrate, has the antifungal and less expressed antibacterial effect in the relation:

• Trichophyton rubrum;
• Epidermophyton floccosum;
• Penicillium crustaceum;
• Trichophyton mentagrophytes;
• Malassezia furfur;
• Candida albicans;
• Microsporum canis;
• Aspergillus niger.

Antibacterial action is more expressed concerning stafilokokk and streptococci and less expressed concerning a pyocyanic stick, colibacillus, a protea and others.

At topical administration Miconazolum is practically not soaked up in a system blood stream.

Release form

Miconazolum is released in various dosage forms:

• Vaginal candles Miconazolum (Ginodaktarin) on 0,1 g. On 8 or 15 candles in packaging;
External
• use cream Miconazolum, 1 g of cream contains 20 mg of active ingredient. On 15 or 30 g in tubas;
• The tablets containing 250 mg of Miconazolum of nitrate, on 10 pieces in packaging;
• 1% Miconazolum solution in ampoules for intravenous administration, on 20 ml, on 5 ampoules in packaging;
• Liquid for external use, 1 g of liquid contains 20 mg nitrate Miconazolum, on 30 g in aerosol package;
• Gel for oral administration, contains 1 g of gel 20 mg of active ingredient, on 40 g in tubes;
• Spirit solution, 1 ml of solution contains 20 mg of active ingredient, 30 ml in bottles with a brush.

Indications to use of Miconazolum

The type of a disease causes the choice of a dosage form of Miconazolum for treatment:

• At oropharyngeal and intestinal candidiasis apply Miconazolum in the form of tablets;
• At the diseases of skin caused by the mushrooms sensitive to active ingredient and also at secondary infection with gram-positive microorganisms Miconazolum or other dosage forms apply ointment to external use;
• At candidiasis of a mucous pharyngeal cavity, a mouth and digestive tract usually appoint gel for oral administration;
• At vaginal and vulvovaginal candidiases, and also at the superinfections caused by gram-positive microorganisms and at a fungal balanitis apply candles Miconazolum.

Contraindications

Miconazolum according to the instruction is contraindicated to use at hypersensitivity to drug components, and also at an abnormal liver function.

During pregnancy Miconazolum is not recommended to be applied. During feeding the breast does not recommend to apply ointment Miconazolum on area of mammary glands.

It is not necessary to accept Miconazolum along with terfenadiny, astemizolom and tsizapridy.

Application instruction of Miconazolum

The route of administration, the mode of dosing and dosage form of Miconazolum are appointed individually by the doctor depending on weight and a type of a disease.

The tablets Miconazolum apply to treatment and prevention of mycoses of digestive tract, 4 times a day 120-240 mg. Children are more senior than 2 years usually accept the same dose, to three times a day depending on age. Children up to 2 years accept twice a day 60 mg of Miconazolum.

The drug dose for intravenous administration depends on sensitivity of the activator to Miconazolum to a natrat and weight of an infection and makes from 200 mg to 3,6 g a day.

Ointment Miconazolum is applied at fungus diseases of skin. Drug is applied in the morning and in the evening with a thin layer and carefully rubbed. Treatment duration usually makes from two to six weeks depending on disease symptoms.

At treatment of onychomycoses ointment Miconazolum is applied a thin layer on a nail bed twice a day, and then apply an occlusive bandage. It is effective to continue treatment by Miconazolum according to the instruction before final formation of a new nail.

Gel Miconazolum for oral administration is appointed for treatment and prevention of mycoses of digestive tract and an oral cavity. Usually appoint on a floor of a dosing spoon 4 times a day. Gel it is recommended to detain as long as possible in a mouth, and then to swallow. Usually treatment is continued not less than a week after disappearance of symptoms of a disease.

Candles apply Miconazolum at vulval mycosis once a day before going to bed. After disappearance of symptoms treatment is necessary spends not less than two weeks on an extent.

Side effects

According to the instruction Miconazolum at system use can cause various side effects – nausea, an itch, phlebitis, vomiting, skin rash, anaphylactic reactions.

At prolonged treatment diarrhea, and in some cases – hepatitis can develop.

Ointment Miconazolum at external use can cause irritation of skin and contact dermatitis.

Storage conditions

Drug is released without recipe. According to the instruction Miconazolum in any dosage forms should be stored in the dark place.