Lymphosarcoma

Description:

The lymphosarcoma is a malignant tumor which morphological substrate are cellular elements of a lymphoid row, clinically characterized by damage of lymph nodes and various bodies, lymphogenous and hematogenous innidiation with a leykemization at 20% of patients. In structure of incidence of malignant hemoblastoses about 15% fall to the share of lymphosarcomas, on frequency they concede only to a lymphogranulomatosis. In most cases the lymphosarcoma has the V-cellular origin, T-cellular options meet much less often.

Lymphosarcoma symptoms:

The lymphosarcoma arises in lymphatic fabrics and on the current, is closer to the growth rate and the forecast to acute leukoses, than to a lymphogranulomatosis. There are no favourite age peaks at a lymphosarcoma. Boys get sick a little more often than girls. The first displays of a disease depend on primary arrangement of a tumor.

Four most frequent localizations of process are conditionally allocated:

    * Lymphosarcoma of an abdominal cavity;
    * Lymphosarcoma of lymph nodes of a chest cavity (mediastinum);
    * Nasopharynx lymphosarcoma;
    * Lymphosarcoma peripheral (cervical, axillary, inguinal) lymph nodes.

Less often the isolated defeat by a lymphosarcoma of bones, soft tissues, skin, internals meets. In principle lymphatic fabric is available in all human body therefore development of a lymphosarcoma in any body or fabric is possible.

When developing a tumor in an abdominal cavity two options of a clinical picture are possible:

    * at damage of intestines growth of a tumor results in its impassability, and the child comes to a hospital according to urgent indications;
    * at a tumor arrangement out of intestines its growth leads to increase in a stomach in volume, and children arrive on treatment only in far come process stages.

At careful inquiry of parents it becomes clear that the tumor nevertheless did not develop asymptomatically. Parents point to signs, hardly noticeable at the beginning of a disease: at some children some not clear abdominal pains, changes of appetite, ponosa alternating with locks were noted. As these phenomena were expressed not really strongly, parents, and is frequent and health workers considered that all this is connected with errors in a diet, with presence of worms etc.

At primary defeat the signs characteristic of viral and inflammatory diseases happen a lymphosarcoma of lymphatic tissues of thorax the first displays of a disease most often: rise in body temperature, cough, indisposition. An asthma, puffiness of the person, expansion of saphenas of skin of a chest wall, as a rule, come to light at far come tumoral process. The lymphosarcoma of a mediastinum differs in very aggressive current, and violently developing clinical picture demands urgent special treatment.

Lymphosarcoma reasons:

As growth allocate nodulyarny and diffusion lymphosarcomas. Focal follikulopodobny growth of tumor cells is characteristic of nodulyarny lymphosarcomas. At diffusion lymphosarcomas which differ in more malignant current tumor cells grow in a type of layer, without forming any structures. Nodulyarny lymphosarcomas are quite often transformed to diffusion. Depending on character of tumor cells diffusion lymphosarcomas divide on not blast (lymphocytic, pro-lymphocytic, limfoplazmotsitarny) and blast (lymphoblastoid, immunoblast). Distinguish Berkitt's lymphoma, or the African lymphoma extended preferential in Africa from blast forms; its origin is connected with Epstayn's virus - Barrel. Rather more high-quality and long current is characteristic of not blast forms of lymphosarcomas. Blast forms differ in extremely malignant course, bystry generalization of process.

Treatment of the Lymphosarcoma:

Treatment of a lymphosarcoma chemotherapy, sometimes radiation, and with process generalization - preferential polychemotherapy is well-known. The surgical method of treatment of lymphosarcomas is not applied because of bystry progressing of a disease after operation and emergence of implantation process in a wound. The lymphosarcoma (lymphocytic, pro-lymphocytic, lymphoblastoid and immunoblast) is treated preferential by chemotherapy, and the forecast for life at all options of a disease remains doubtful.

Special difficulty in treatment is presented by generalization of process of any form of a lymphosarcoma. Patients, as a rule, are in that case transferred to a symptomatic treatment and their life expectancy is estimated for weeks or several months.

The chemotherapy as a preferential method of treatment of lymphosarcomas gives bystry positive effect in an initiation of treatment. With each subsequent course the effect of treatment decreases. At process generalization effect of treatment short-term and ineffective.