Ezofagostomoz

Description:

Oesophagostomosis — the helminthosis from group of nematodoses of the person and domestic animals which is characterized by damage of intestines, generally large intestine.

Ezofagostomoz's symptoms:

Distinguish 2 periods of an ezofagostomoz: early (larvaceous) during which there is implementation of larvae in an intestines wall, and late (imaginal) when helminth parasitizes in a gleam of a large intestine. The loss of appetite, weakness, apathy, abdominal pains, diarrhea, weight loss is characteristic of the larvaceous period. In the imaginal period the disease proceeds subclinically or is shown by diarrhea.
At localization of parasitic cysts under a serous cover at thin patients it is palpatorno possible to determine dense tumorous educations by the course of a large intestine.
The most frequent complications of an ezofagostomoz are obturation or invagination of a large intestine at the level of localization of parasitic cysts.

Ezofagostomoz's reasons:

Activators of an ezofagostomoz of the person are Oesophagostomum aculeatum nematodes (Linstow, 1879), Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Creplin, 1849) and Oesophagostomum stephanostomum (Stossich, 1904) (this. Strongyloidae, wiped. Strongylida). The main owners of these ezofagosty are monkeys.
Males of O. stephanostomum 18 — 24 mm long, up to 0,68 — 0,74 mm wide, females — respectively 18 — 30 and 0,74 — 0,9 mm. O. aculeatum and O. bifurcum are approximately identical, length of males of 8 — 13 mm, width of 0,31 — 0,41 mm, length of females — 11,5 — 19 mm, width of 0,38 — 0,54 mm. Eggs oval with a thin cover 0,051 — 0,08 mm long, width — 0,029 — 0,043 mm.
The person seldom catches this helminthosis. The disease meets in Africa (Nigeria, Uganda, Ghana, Ethiopia), Indonesia and in South America (Brazil).
Source of an invasion are monkeys. The person catches at consumption of fruit and vegetables with the larvae which were on them. through the water containing larvae and also through dirty hands.
Life cycle of a parasite.
Eggs of helminths are allocated with excrements. In 2 days eggs leave larvae. After development and 2 molts, larvae become invasive and through a mouth get to the person, are implemented into a mucous membrane or a submucosa of a large intestine. In 48 hours around a larva granulematozny fabric is formed — the small knot is formed (see the Helminthoma). The parasite fades once again then leaves in a gleam of a large intestine where there is the 4th molt and further development of helminth. In 15 — 20 days helminths reach puberty, and the female begins to lay eggs. Infection with larvae and through skin is possible.
At the person of a larva can not leave in a gleam of a large intestine; quite often they get under a serous cover where are encapsulated, I create parasitic cysts in which can reach puberty.

The pathogeny of a disease is caused by an organism sensitization helminth exchange products which are especially intensively allocated during a molt of the larvae parasitizing in a wall of a large intestine (a so-called nodular disease). Due to the drift the migrating activator larvae in a wall of a large intestine of pathogenic microflora, suppuration of small knots is possible. The inflammation of a large intestine, dysfunction of intestines is observed.

Ezofagostomoz's treatment:

The diagnosis is possible in the imaginal period of a disease on the basis of the anamnesis and detection of eggs of helminth. The differential diagnosis is carried out with intestines tumors.
Treatment is carried out by thiabendazole, usually on 25 mg/kg by 2 times a day within 2 — 3 days in a complex with the hyposensibilizing means and vitamins. A daily allowance a thiabendazole dose for adult 1 g. It is contraindicated at pregnancy. At obturation and/or invagination of a large intestine surgical removal of parasitic cysts is required.
The forecast is usually favorable; at a complication — favorable only on condition of an operative measure.