Poisoning akontiny

Description:

Aconitine — the strongest vegetable poison, the highly toxic alkaloid which is contained in tubers and roots of different types of monk's-hood (Aconitum) — plants of family of the crowfoot family growing in Central Asia and in the Caucasus.
In Europe poisonings with monk's-hood happen seldom, more often they happen accidental or suicide. Monk's-hood is grown up as an adornment plant, and occasionally its root was eaten by mistake (for example, it can be confused with a root of a girasol or horse-radish ordinary).

Monk's-hood is much more widespread in China where the set of its types to which the Chinese medicine pays much attention meets. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, use only the monk's-hood roots subjected to the long boiling reducing toxic properties of a plant. In the countries of the East of intoxication monk's-hood most often arise at the wrong use of traditional drugs or at their wrong preparation, but also criminal poisonings are frequent.

Poisoning symptoms akontiny:

After acceptance in aconitine characteristic clinical symptoms appear: feeling of a scratching in a mouth, in a throat, a gullet and a stomach, numbness and an itch of skin, plentiful hypersalivation, sometimes — an abdominal pain, vomiting and a diarrhea, short wind, narrowing of pupils. At the beginning of poisoning tachycardia, then delay and a cardiac standstill in a diastole is noted.

Poisoning reasons akontiny:

Aconitine and its derivatives are a part of some medicines.
The lethal dose of aconitine of 0,004-0,005, that is 1–2 grams of powder of tubers of monk's-hood cause death.

Treatment of Poisoning akontiny:

Specific antidote does not exist. In homeopathic literature references that as the antidote was used vinegar in high doses met.

Treatment includes: a gastric lavage (to consider that vomiting can cause a vagal reflex), high doses of absorbent carbon and laxatives.

At bradycardia apply atropine. Monitoring of a kaliyemiya is carried out. At a hyperpotassemia – infusion of glucose with insulin or other antigiperkaliyemichesky means (for example, полистирен sodium sulphonate, but its effect develops slowly). Nevertheless, installation of a pacemaker in connection with resistance to pharmacological therapy is necessary for most of patients.

Phenytoinum (hydantoin) in low doses can eliminate a heart block, improving atrioventricular carrying out. In higher doses this medicine often stops ventricular arrhythmias. Treatment by Phenytoinum perhaps only when monitoring an ECG. Lidocaine and микселитин can also be useful to treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias or ventricular extrasystoles.

Digibind represents Fab-fragments of immunoglobulins to digoxin, connects and removes cardiac glycosides; it is applied at overdose of cardiac glycosides, poisonings with a digitalis and oleander. This drug is used at development of life-threatening arrhythmias and danger of a cardiac standstill at unsuccessfulness of the therapy described above; the action mechanism at poisonings with monk's-hood is not clear.

Consider that at timely special treatment it is possible to avoid a lethal outcome at reception of 5 — 10 mg of aconitine.