Ankilostomidoz
Description:
The helminthosis caused by ankylostomas.
Source of infection of Ancylistoma duodenale are sick people, and Ancylostoma braziliens – preferential dogs and cats. Natural susceptibility of people high. Infection occur through the fruit contaminated by the soil, vegetables, greens, berries where there can be larvae of ankylostomas, and at circulation barefoot, rest on the earth the nekator can get into a human body. Ways of transfer of helminthosis are a food, drinking and contact way. The local centers form in coal and mining mines at high temperature of the environment, humidity and a bad sanitary state. Summer residents, miners, agricultural workers treat risk groups.
Children are exposed to the greatest risk of infection. They go barefoot more often and badly follow rules of personal hygiene.
Ankilostomidoz's symptoms:
The incubation interval of a disease lasts 40-60 days. In most cases the disease proceeds asymptomatically. At heavier current the symptomatology depends on a way of penetration of parasites into an organism.
At penetration through skin there is an itch and burning of skin, different rash (erythematic, papular, vesicular, pustular) which can remain within several months. The massive invasion leads to hypostases of extremities. At migration of larvae through respiratory tracts development of the catarral phenomena is possible, there are short wind, rattles, development of bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia is possible. At later stage, at hit in digestive tract, the duodenitis with heartburn, absence or strengthening of appetite, sometimes a food faddism (desire is, for example, clay), nausea, vomiting, pains in epigastric and hepatic area, quite often followed by diarrhea develops.
The most characteristic display of a disease – a hypochromia iron deficiency anemia. The ankylostoma eats blood. It is attached by teeth to walls of a mucous membrane of a gut. On site fixings of helminth arise erosion and ulcers to 2 cm in the diameter, at the same time can be shown long intestinal bleedings which cause development of an iron deficiency anemia. Blood protein (hypoalbuminemia) decreases.
The central nervous system is surprised, slackness, lag in intellectual and physical development appears.
The chronic current of dochmiases is shown by weakness, dizzinesses, pains in epigastriums, decrease in body weight, hypostases. As the ankylostoma eats blood, it is attached by teeth to a mucous membrane of a wall of intestines where the bleeding ulcers, the having 2 cm in the diameter are formed. Owing to chronic blood loss the hypochromia iron deficiency anemia develops, blood protein (hypoalbuminemia) decreases. The central nervous system is surprised, slackness, lag in intellectual and physical development appears. In hard cases the lethal outcome is possible.
Ankilostomidoz's reasons:
Ancylostoma duodenale, ankylostoma sizes: length of a male is 8-11 mm, females of 10-14 mm.
Ankilostomidoz's treatment:
At treatment of an ankilostomidoz apply Naftamonum. Drug is appointed inside. A daily dose for adult 5 g. Take on an empty stomach for 1 h till a breakfast. Powder is poured into 50 ml of warm sugar syrup, carefully stirred and drunk in one step. Appoint within 5 days. Means is contraindicated at liver diseases. Treatment by methyl-isopropyl phenol assumes appointment to the patient as an obligatory diet with restriction of fats and alcohol. The day before give salt laxative. In the morning in day of treatment on an empty stomach appoint methyl-isopropyl phenol in capsules - 4 g. This amount of medicine is divided into four parts and give one for another at an interval of 20 min. In 1,5 h give salt laxative. Treatment is carried out by 3 days in a row. Repetition of a course in 3 weeks is possible. Drug is contraindicated at a decompensation of cordial activity, diseases of a liver and kidneys.
