Intestinal amebiasis
Contents:
Description:
Asymptomatic finding (carriage) of the prosvetny E.histolytica forms in a large intestine can be noted for many years. However at any time prosvetny forms can pass into the fabric forms causing the "invasive" or clinically expressed amebiasis.
Amoebic dysentery (Intestinal amebiasis) - the main and most frequent clinical form of a disease - can proceed sharply and chronically, in heavy, medium-weight and easy forms.
Symptoms of the Intestinal amebiasis:
Incubation interval - from 1 - 2 weeks to 3 - 4 months and more. The main clinical signs of a disease is the speeded-up chair: in an initial stage to 4 - 6 times a day plentiful fecal with slime, then to 10 - 20 times a day with blood and slime with loss of fecal character. Excrements take a form of "crimson jelly". The disease, as a rule, develops gradually, without the phenomena of the general intoxication, body temperature normal or subfebrile. At a heavy current of an invasion can be noted high temperature and pulling or the colicy pains in the lower part of a stomach amplifying during defecation. There are painful tenesmus.
At the heavy course of colitis symptoms of intoxication accrue that it is shown by temperature increase (usually wrong character), a loss of appetite, emergence of nausea, sometimes vomitings. A stomach during the acute period soft, painful on the course of a large intestine.
Chronic process proceeds in the form of recurrent or continuous forms. At a recurrent form of an aggravation are replaced by remissions during which patients note only the small dispepsichesky phenomena (unsharply expressed meteorism, abdominal murmur, pains without a certain localization). At an aggravation the health of patients significantly is not broken, body temperature remains normal. At this time the expressed pains in the right half of a stomach, in ileocecal area (appendicitis is quite often mistakenly diagnosed), frustration of a chair are noted. At a continuous current of a chronic amebiasis the periods of remission are absent. The disease proceeds with strengthening of all manifestations (abdominal pains, the diarrhea alternating with locks, a chair with blood impurity sometimes raises body temperature), with their easing. At a long current of a chronic form of an intestinal amebiasis there comes exhaustion of patients, working capacity decreases, the asthenic syndrome, hypochromia anemia develops, the liver often increases, the eosinophilia, a monocytosis, in the started cases - a cachexia are noted. At a chronic current of an intestinal amebiasis the asthenic syndrome, vitamin, proteinaceous and power deficiency develops. Patients complain of lack of appetite, unpleasant taste in a mouth, weakness. At survey - features are pointed, the patient is pale, language is laid over by a white or gray plaque, the stomach is usually pulled in, at a palpation painless or slaboboleznenny in ileal area. At many patients symptoms of cardiovascular pathology are expressed: priglushennost of cardiac sounds, tachycardia, lability of pulse. At a rektoromanoskopiya ulcers, polyps, cysts, amebomas are found.
Reasons of the Intestinal amebiasis:
From excrements of the person it is possible to reveal 7 types of amoebas: Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba hartmanni, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Iodamoeba butschlii and Blastocystis hominis, but only E.histolytica can cause invasive infections in the person.
Treatment of the Intestinal amebiasis:
For treatment of an amebiasis various etiotropic drugs which are subdivided into the following groups are used: 1) amoebocides of direct action – Chiniofonum (yatren), дийодохин, Enteroseptolum, Mexaformum, Intestopanum, Osarsolum, мономицнн, etc.; are effective at localization of amoebas in a gut gleam; 2) amoebocides of indirect action – drugs of tetracycline group; are effective at localization of amoebas as in a gut gleam, and its wall. They are appointed after acute clinical a proyavleniy.amebiaza in combination with fabric amoebocides; 3) fabric amoebocides – emetine a hydrochloride, дегидроэметин, амбильгар; work on amoebas preferential in a wall of a gut and in a liver; 4) fabric amoebocides – chloroquine (delagil, Chingaminum), Resochinum; preferential work on amoebas in a liver and in other bodies, but not in intestines; 5) amoebocides of universal action - метронидазон (flagyl, Trichopolum, Klionum), Tinidazolum (фасижин); are effective at any forms of an amebiasis.
