Pyrantelum

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent: Pyrantelum памоат 721,0 mg in terms of Pyrantelum the basis of 250,0 mg.

Excipients: cellulose microcrystallic - 25,0 mg, sodium carboxymethylstarch - 16,0 mg, potato starch - 30,0 mg, magnesium stearate - 8,0 mg.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Pyrantelum is the anthelmintic means operating on nematodes. Causes neuromuscular blockade in helminths, sensitive to it, that facilitates their removal from a digestive tract without excitement and stimulation of migration of the struck worms. Drug affects parasites in an early phase of development and on their mature forms, does not affect larvae during their migration in fabrics.
Pyrantelum is effective against the invasions caused by pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis), ankylostomas (Ancylostoma doudenale, Necator americanus), against trichuriasis activators (Trichostrongylus orientalis and Trichostrongylus colubriformis)   and   an ascaridosis   (Ascaris lumbricoides).

Pharmacokinetics. Pyrantelum is very badly soaked up from the digestive tract (DT). Concentration of drug in a blood plasma, after oral administration of a single dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight, makes 0,005 - 0,13
the mkg/ml is also reached during 1 - 3 h. There are no penetrations of drug given relatively through a placenta and in milk of the feeding woman, and also concerning distribution of drug in fabrics and liquids of an organism (theoretically, the resorption of drug is minimum). The minimum quantity of the drug which is soaked up in a GIT partially is metabolized in a liver to a 1Ch-methyl-1,3-pro-pan-diamine. About 93% of a peroral dose of drug are removed by intestines in not changed look, and no more than 7% kidneys in not changed look or in the form of a metabolite of a 1Ch-methyl-1,3-pro-pan-diamine.

Indications to use:

• Ascaridosis
• Enterobiosis
• Ankilostomidoz
• Necatoriasis
• Trichuriasis

Route of administration and doses:

Inside.
Drug is used in time or after food,  carefully  chewing  a tablet, washing down with 1 glass of water. If other scheme of treatment, depending on age and the body weight of the patient is not appointed,      the following is recommended:

Age of the patient	Tablets	mg
	250 mg
3 - 6 years	1	250
6-12 years	2	500
12 years and adults are more senior
with body weight to 75 kg	3	750
adults with body weight
more than 75 kg	4	1000

In order to avoid a self-invasion repetition of a course in 3 weeks after the first reception is allowed.
At the isolated ascaridosis use of Pyrantelum on 5 mg/kg, once is recommended.
At an ascaridosis and an enterobiosis, and also the mixed invasions these parasites, the dose intended on all course (at the rate of-10 mg/kg), is applied once. At an ankilostomidoza, a necatoriasis combination to an ascaridosis or other combined gelmintny defeats Pyrantelum is applied within 3 days on 10 mg/kg a day.
At massive invasions of Necator americanus the dose on 20 mg/kg of body weight within 2 days is recommended.

Features of use:

After reception of Pyrantelum laxatives are not appointed. At treatment of an enterobiosis all at the same time have to be treated jointly the living persons. Careful respect for hygiene (cleaning of premises and cleaning of clothes for destruction of eggs of helminths) serves as prevention of reinfection. In 14 days after treatment by the drug Pyrantelum it is necessary to conduct control parasitological researches.
Considering possible side effects from a nervous system during use of drug it is necessary to be careful at occupation potentially dangerous types of activity demanding the increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Side effects:

Side effects are shown seldom, they are short-term   and   disappear   after the treatment termination. The majority of side effects is shown  from a GIT: nausea,  vomiting, lack of appetite, diarrhea, pains and spasms of a stomach.
Headache, dizziness, drowsiness or sleeplessness, weakness, rash, the increased temperature, passing increase in activity of aspartate aminotransferase (ACT) in blood serum. In isolated cases a hearing disorder, hallucinations with confusion of consciousness  and  paresthesia was observed   (communication  of these symptoms  with    administration of drug  is not proved).

Interaction with other medicines:

Pyrantelum should not be applied together with piperazin.  These  means work antagonistic.
Pyrantelum increases concentration of theophylline in plasma.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to drug;
• myasthenia (treatment period);
• children's age up to 3 years (for this dosage form).

With CARE Pregnancy, liver failure.

USE AT PREGNANCY
There are no controlled researches of use of Pyrantelum for pregnant women therefore drug should be used only if the potential advantage for mother exceeds possible risk for a fruit.

USE DURING FEEDING BY THE BREAST
There are no data on safety of use of drug for the feeding women therefore it is necessary to resolve an issue of the termination of breastfeeding for the period of treatment by drug.

Overdose:

Overdose cases are not described. In case of overdose it is necessary to undertake a symptomatic treatment.

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry, protected from light place at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Tablets of 250 mg.
On 3 tablets in a blister strip packaging from a film of the polyvinyl chloride and printing aluminum foil varnished. On 3, 6, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 100 tablets in a container polymeric for medicines. One container or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 10 blister strip packagings together with the application instruction place in a pack from a cardboard.