Ammonia

General characteristics. Structure:

Chemical name: ammonia.
Main physical and chemical properties: transparent, colourless flying liquid with a pungent smell and strong alkali reaction.
Structure: 10 ml of solution contain ammonia water (in recalculation for 25% the content of ammonia) 4,4 ml.
Excipient: the water purified.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Ammonia belongs to medicines which irritate nerve terminations. The mechanism of effect of ammonia at inhalation consists in reflex excitement of a respiratory center through receptors of upper respiratory tracts — the terminations of a trifacial.

When drawing has the irritating and antimicrobic effect on skin, well clears skin.

Pharmacokinetics. Drug does not come to a blood channel.

Indications to use:

Unconsciousness, at stings of insects.

Route of administration and doses:

Ammonia is applied it is inhalation and outwardly. At inhalation use as means of ambulance, the small piece of a gauze or cotton wool moistened with ammonia solution is carefully lifted to nasal openings on 0,5–1 sec.

At stings of insects ammonia is applied outwardly in the form of lotions.

Features of use:

Topical administration is possible only on the unimpaired skin. At accidental damage of a mucous membrane of an eye to wash out water ( 15 min. every 10 min.) or 5% solution of boric acid. Oils and ointments do not apply. At damage of a nose and throat — 0,5% solution of citric acid or natural juice. In case of intake to drink water, fruit juice, milk, it is better — 0,5% solution of citric acid or 1% solution of acetic acid before full neutralization of contents of a stomach.

Side effects:

On long exposure (inhalation use) ammonia can cause a reflex apnoea.

Interaction with other medicines:

It is unknown.

Contraindications:

Topical administration is contraindicated at dermatitis, eczemas, other skin diseases, and also at open traumatic damages of integuments.

Overdose:

At inhalation use — a reflex apnoea, at topical administration — irritations, dermatitis, eczemas in the place of application.

Storage conditions:

To store at the room temperature (15–25 °C), in the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity — 2 years.

Issue conditions:

Without recipe

Packaging:

On 40 ml in bottles.