Unconsciousness (syncope)
Contents:
Description:
Syncope, or syncope (Latin syncope — a syncope < др.-греч. συγκοπή — рубка, сечка) — приступ кратковременной утраты сознания, обусловленный временным нарушением мозгового кровотока.
Syncope — a sudden loss of consciousness of not epileptic nature owing to diffusion decrease in the brain metabolism caused mainly by short-term reduction of a brain blood-groove. Faints during this or that period of life arise almost at a third of the population, but only in a small number of cases the syncope happens display of a serious disease, life-threatening. It is important to distinguish a usual syncope and epileptic. In both cases of people falls and faints, but these are two absolutely different states which demand different treatment.
Symptoms of Unconsciousness (faint):
The first described clinic of a faint Aretya from Cappadocia.
The loss of consciousness at it, as a rule, is preceded by a condition of faintness, nausea, misting of sight or flashing of "front sights" before eyes, a ring in ears. There is a weakness, sometimes yawning, legs sometimes give away and the feeling of the coming loss of consciousness comes nearer. Patients turn pale, become covered then. People with light skin can have easy flush on a face. After that the patient faints. Integuments are ash-gray, pressure sharply decreases, cordial tones are listened hardly. Pulse can be extremely rare or, opposite frequent, but threadlike, hardly probed. Muscles are sharply relaxed, neurologic reflexes are not found or are sharply lowered. Pupils are expanded and decrease in their photoharmose is observed. Faint duration from several seconds to several minutes — usually 1-2 pages. At faint height, especially at its long current (more than 5 minutes) development of convulsive attacks, an involuntary urination is possible.
Reasons of Unconsciousness (faint):
The syncope is a symptom of any primary disease. There is a large number of the morbid conditions which are followed by formation of faints:
* the diseases which are followed by decrease in cordial emission — disturbance of a heart rhythm, stenoses of an aorta or pulmonary arteries, myocardial infarctions, stenocardia attacks
* the states which are followed by disturbance of nervous control of vessels — for example, a syncope when swallowing, at bystry rise from horizontal position
* conditions of the lowered content of oxygen in blood — anemias and other diseases of blood, a hypoxia at height in a rarefied air or in stuffy rooms
Treatment of Unconsciousness (faint):
Treatment comes down to
* therapies of a basic disease
* to stopping of the most unconscious state
At the time of a faint it is necessary to provide the maximum inflow of blood to a brain: to lay the patient on a back with the raised legs; or to seat with the head hung between knees. If the patient lies, then the head is stacked on one side to prevent retraction of language. Besides, apply a number of medicines to stimulation of a vascular tone and rise in arterial pressure.
