Atenolol

Pharmacological action

Atenolol blocks nervous impulses that leads to reduction of frequency and force of cordial reductions. Atenolol possesses hypotensive (reduces pressure), anti-anginal (eliminates myocardium ischemia symptoms) and antiarrhytmic (eliminates disturbances of a cordial rhythm) action.

Within the first days after oral administration of Atenolol it is observed reactive increase in the general peripheric resistance of vessels against the background of reduction of cordial emission. Expressiveness of this action within 1-3 days begins to decrease. Hypotensive action of Atenolol is shown in the form of reduction of a minute and stroke output, decrease in systolic (largest) and diastolic (smallest) arterial pressure.

Reviews of Atenolola demonstrate that the hypotensive effect of drug proceeds 24 hours, and in case of regular use by the end of the second week results are stabilized. Anti-anginal action of Atenolol is directed to decrease in need of a myocardium for oxygen due to reduction of number of cordial reductions. Clinical trials and reviews of Atenolola confirm that drug reduces mortality among the patients who had a myocardial infarction due to decrease in frequency of attacks of stenocardia and ventricular arrhythmias.

From digestive tract after oral administration of Atenolol it is soaked up about 50% of a dose of drug. Linkng with blood proteins – 6-16%. The therapeutic effect of Atenolol can be observed in 2-4 hours after use inside, this effect about days lasts. In a liver it is practically not metabolized. Atenolol is brought by kidneys and at a hemodialysis. In breast milk, through placental and hematoencephalic barriers drug gets in insignificant quantity.

Indications to Atenolol's use

Purpose of drug is reasonable at:

• coronary heart disease;
• idiopathic hypertensia and arterial hypertension;
• unstable stenocardia, stenocardia of rest, angina of exertion;
• hyperkinetic cardial syndrome, decrease in a tone of muscles at the mitral valve;
• neurocirculatory disturbances with hypertensive complications;
• essential tremor, senile tremor and tremor, accompanying an abstinence syndrome.

According to the instruction, Atenolol can be applied to prevention and treatment of such diseases as:

• myocardial infarction;
• arrhythmias of various etiology;
• Bouveret's atrial disease, sinus tachycardia, supraventricular and ventricular premature ventricular contraction;
• atrial flutter.

Positive reviews about Atenolole confirm its efficiency at complex treatment of a hypertrophic subaortic stenosis and a thyrotoxicosis.

Atenolol route of administration

Drug should be accepted before food, without chewing and without crushing, washing down with water. In the instruction to Atenolol the following recommendations are specified: an initial dose at stenocardia – 50 mg, the maximum daily dose – 200 mg, a daily maintenance dose – 25 mg once during the day. Fuller and detailed mode of dosing is defined by the attending physician individually for each patient.

Side effects

In reviews of Atenolola it is seldom mentioned about side effect, however it is necessary to consider that the organism can react to drug use as follows:

• memory impairment, decrease in concentration of attention, increased fatigue, weakness, dizziness;
• depression, hallucinations, concern, tremor, spasms;
• disturbance of visual function, reduction of activity of glands of external secretion;
• heart failure, arrhythmia, bradycardia, hypotension, atrioventricular block, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, stethalgia;
• nausea, vomiting, dryness in a mouth, disturbance of a chair, pain in epigastric area, an abnormal liver function;
• laryngospasm, bronchospasm, otdyshka;
• allergic reactions on skin;
• impotence, decrease in a libido, change of activity of some enzymes, decrease in body temperature in extremities, increase in level of bilirubin in blood.

Atenolol's use needs to be finished gradually for the prevention of complications as the withdrawal is characteristic of this drug. It is necessary to consider, the therapeutic dose is higher, the side effects are more often and heavier shown. As reviews of Atenolola testify, slight negative reaction of an organism to drug passes through 2-3 weeks of regular use.

Contraindications to Atenolol's use

In the instruction to Atenolol diseases at which use of this drug is forbidden are specified, belong to them:

• cardiogenic shock;
• sinus bradycardia;
• atrioventricular block of the first and thirds of degree;
• sinuaurikulyarny blockade;
• arterial hypotension;
• acute and chronic heart failure;
• disturbance of acid-base balance towards acidosis;
• bronchial asthma.

Atenolol's appointment is contraindicated to persons with hypersensitivity to drug components,

Under control of the doctor Atenolol's use by pregnant women and the feeding women, persons of children's and advanced age, and also patients with a myasthenia, psoriasis and a depression is carried out.

Additional information

Atenolol's storage should be carried out in the dark and dry place where air temperature does not exceed ^250C.

Drug period of validity – 3 years.

Atenolol Nikomed

All properties and Atenolol Nikomed's actions are similar to the corresponding characteristics of Atenolol. Drug Atenolol Nikomed is produced in the form of tablets on 50 or 100 mg. The NIKOMED Denmark AnC company is engaged in Atenolol Nikomed's production.