Spironolactonum

Spironolactonum concerns to group of kaliysberegayushchy diuretics.

Pharmacological action of Spironolactonum

Spironolactonum (or Aldactonum) – on the mechanism of action is an antagonist of Aldosteronum – an adrenal hormone. Aldosteronum, connecting to proteinaceous receptors of cells of distal departments of nephron, reduces removal from an organism of water and sodium and increases potassium removal. Spironolactonum competes with hormone for these receptors, and action its opposite – increases removal of water and sodium from an organism, keeping at the same time potassium ions. Electrolytic balance at the same time is not broken. Use of Spironolactonum is shown by acceleration and increase in volume of a diuresis.

The drug pharmacodynamics is well studied – it is quickly soaked up at receipt in digestive tract, contacting proteins of plasma, bioavailability makes it to 99%. The concomitant use of food accelerates absorption of medicine even more. Drug tropine to tissues of adrenal glands, kidneys, gonads and a liver. Coming to a liver, Spironolactonum quickly in it is metabolized to active metabolites which define its properties. Unlike the analogs Spironolactonum does not strengthen loss of potassium and magnesium from an organism.

The medical effect of use of Spironolactonum according to the instruction occurs in 2 – 5 days. In order that drug began to work, its accumulation in an organism to a certain concentration is necessary. It is so-called cumulative effect of drug. It well gets into breast milk and through a placenta, is brought out of an organism with urine and a stake.

Release form

Spironolactonum is released in tablets and capsules on 25 or 100 mg.

Indications to use of Spironolactonum

Spironolactonum is used for treatment of hypostases at chronic heart failure, a nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, at hypostases at pregnant women in the 2 and 3 trimester.

On the received comments Spironolactonum well proved as diuretic in complex treatment of arterial hypertension, including at gormonprodutsiruyushchy tumors of bark of adrenal glands (as a long maintenance therapy in case of contraindications to surgical excision of adenoma of adrenal glands). Drug found application also in therapy and diagnosis of primary hyper aldosteronism, as a part of pathogenetic therapy of a polycystosis of ovaries and a premenstrual syndrome.

Contraindications to use of Spironolactonum

Spironolactonum according to the instruction is contraindicated at electrolytic disturbances in an organism (a hyperpotassemia, a hypercalcemia, a hyponatremia, acidosis), at a liver failure, at a chronic renal failure and a diabetes mellitus on its background, in HPN anury stage, in 1 trimester at pregnant women, at the broken menstrual cycle and increase in mammary glands, at Addison's disease, and also individual intolerance of drug. Treatment by drug has to take place surely under control of the doctor as he will be able to consult concerning compatibility with other drugs at a concomitant use.

The instruction to use of Spironolactonum

The drug Spironolactonum dose for treatment is selected individually, depending on the hormonal status of the patient and extent of disturbance of water and electrolytic balance.

At hypostases begin inclusion with 100-200 mg/days in 2-3 receptions every day, the course lasts 14 – 21 day. For strengthening of diuretic effect Spironolactonum according to reviews demands joint appointment with loopback or thiazide diuretics. During treatment control of level of potassium in a blood plasma as it will help to correct a drug dose optimum is desirable. After treatment the break makes 10 – 14 days then the course can be repeated again. The drug dose at a hyper aldosteronism and the lowered potassium level in blood makes 300 mg/days in 2-3 receptions.

Side effects

Unlike the analogs Spironolactonum is well transferred, but by-effects in the form of nausea, changes of character of a chair, dizziness, a headache, allergic reactions occasionally meet. According to reviews Spironolactonum can cause failures in endocrine system – a gynecomastia and disturbance of erectile function in men, a dysmenorrhea, a metrorrhagia, a nagrubaniye of mammary glands in women.