Poisoning with wolf berries

Description:

Daphne ordinary — listopadny, low-branchy, low (60 — 120 cm) the bush growing in a species of a small tree with a strong stipitate and branches, aphyllous in the lower part.

Leaves are next, dark green, narrow, shining from above and glaucescent from below, at the edges ciliate, oblong obratnolantsetny, pulled together, are located on the ends of escapes on short scapes.

Flowers bisexual, mostly pink, are more rare white and other shades, fragrant, melliferous, usually sitting bunches or one by one on naked escapes in bosoms of last year's leaves; blossoms in the early spring (April — the beginning of May) to foliage expansion (or along with them). Is the most early-flowering shrubby plant for a midland of Russia.

Fruits — red oval juicy stone fruit with spherical brilliant seeds. Fructifies at the end of July — August.

All parts of a plant, and especially fruits contain sharply burning poisonous juice.

Meets almost across all Europe, in Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, the North of Iran).

In Russia — in the north of the European part of Russia (including the Arctic region) and Western Siberia (on border with the forest-steppe; on the East comes to Baikal), in the North Caucasus and in Dagestan.

Grows more often in a forest zone in an underbrush of dark and mixed forests, is more rare in the broad-leaved woods of the forest-steppe. Well expands and branches at easy clarification.

The plant area in Russia is reduced (especially in the southern part).

As strange, the plant was naturalized everywhere in a zone of a temperate climate.

Reasons of poisoning with wolf berries:

Chemical composition of poisons and mechanism of toxic action.

Contains diterpenoids (дафнетоксин, мезереин), coumarins (daphnin, daphnetin, etc.), essential oil is found in fruits. Mezerein has strong local irritative effect on skin (causes redness and blisters) and mucous (causes burning and a gastric disturbance). Daphnin and other hydrooxycoumarins concern to group of antivitamins K and can cause the raised bleeding.
Occasionally gets divorced in gardens as an adornment plant, remarkable proanthesis in the spring and bright fruits in the fall. Because of virulence of a plant its use in the decorative purposes is limited.

It is applied in traditional medicine, and also in homeopathy. Use of a plant for the medical purposes is forbidden.

The bass from branches was used sometimes on weaving of female hats and other small products.

Poisonous bodies.

Bark (bass), leaves, flowers, fruits are strongly poisonous.

Symptoms of poisoning with wolf berries:

Poisoning steps when eating berries (frequent children), bark chewing, and also at contact of skin with wet bark or at hit of juice of plants on it (dermatitis). Inhalation of dust from bark causes irritation mucous drinks and respiratory tracts, hit in eyes irritates a conjunctiva. After eating of berries burning in a mouth, pain in an anticardium is felt, nausea, vomiting, weakness, are possible spasms. Poisoning proceeds as a hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.

Treatment of poisoning with wolf berries:

If you got poisoned with a noxious plant, to remove the most important from an organism a poisoning subject.
That is, it is necessary to cause in the victim artificially vomiting, for this purpose the victim needs to allow to drink at least four glasses of slightly added some salt water. It is good still that before vomiting the victim drank weak solution of potassium permanganate to oxidize toxic agents, having reduced, thereby, their toxicity.

It is necessary to crush and mix tablets of absorbent carbon with water, to give the received mix to the victim. It will be good if there is an opportunity to make to the patient the clearing enema, it will clear intestines of toxins. If, for example, the plant scratched you or put other external damages, surely wash out this place potassium permanganate solution. After first aid surely take the victim to hospital.