Pseudomembranous colitis

Description:

Pseudomembranous colitis — the acute, serious illness of a large intestine developing as a complication of antibacterial therapy. Частота:в the general population — 6,7:100 000 treated by antibiotics. Find Clostridium difficile in 10–20% of inpatients. The prevailing age — 40–75 years.

Symptoms of Pseudomembranous colitis:

Diarrhea:
The chair may contain green or yellow slime
Blood in excrements:
Rectal bleeding
Red chair
The strengthened desires to defecation
Anorexia
Spazmopodobny abdominal pain:
Pain in the bottom of a stomach
Pain at the top of a stomach
Nausea
Vomiting
Gastric disturbance
Fervescence
Fever
Fatigue
Unmotivated loss of weight
Persistent vomiting or diarrhea at the sick personal computer can be a consequence of dehydration.

Symptoms of dehydration of easy severity at the personal computer:
Reduced urination
Urine becomes more dark, than usually
Symptoms of dehydration of moderate severity at the personal computer:
Reduced urination
Lack of urine more than 8 hours
Dizziness
Weakness
Dryness in a mouth
Xeroderma
Syncope
Nausea
The increased thirst
Weakness or fatigue
Increase of pulse
Symptoms of dehydration of heavy severity at the personal computer:
Drowsiness
Convulsions
Coma

Reasons of Pseudomembranous colitis:

The etiology — Clostridium difficile carriage Level among adult population makes 2-3%. Clostridium difficile reproduction conditions — the anaerobic environment and oppression of growth of normal intestinal microflora. The disease develops at resistance of Clostridium difficile to the antibiotics suppressing life activity of other intestinal microflora. Lack of the competition promotes the accelerated reproduction of Clostridium difficile and release of toxins. Most often colitis is caused by clindamycin, lincomycin, ampicillin, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracycline, erythromycin. The route of administration of an antibiotic does not matter. At intake (except influence on microflora) there is local influence of an antibiotic directly on an intestinal wall.

Risk factors of pseudomembranous colitis:
Advanced age
AIDS
Use of antacids
Use of antibiotics
Chemotherapy
Disease Krone
Statement of enemas
The postponed personal computer infections
Long hospitalization
Recent operative measures
Probe food
Ulcer colitis

Treatment of Pseudomembranous colitis:

Treatment of the personal computer includes reception of large volumes of liquid, an easy diet and reception of certain antibiotics.

Treatment of pseudomembranous colitis includes:
Oral dehydration of children and adults:
The use only of pure liquid, for example, of water, than sports drinks is the (best of all), fruit juice and divorced tea.
Frequent reception of small volumes of liquid, for example, on two teaspoons each 5 minutes.
Lack of food allows intestines to have a rest.
In case of improvement of symptoms it is possible to pass to an unlimited liquid diet.
Effectively concerning treatment of dehydration easy or moderate severity.
Intravenous administration of liquids at heavy dehydration
Easy diet.
Antibiotics from pseudomembranous colitis:
Fidaksomitsin
Metronidazole
Vancomycinum
Rifaksimin