Liver tumors

Description:

Benign tumors of a liver meet extremely seldom and are presented generally by hepatoadenomas.

Symptoms of Tumours of a liver:

Adenomas.

Adenomas of a liver represent the benign tumors arising from hepatic cells or epithelial cells of bilious channels. Depending on their structure distinguish:

    * the high-quality gepatoma proceeding from hepatic cells;
    * the high-quality cholangioma proceeding from an epithelium of bilious channels;
    * benign adenoma of the mixed structure — gepatokholangiy.

Macroscopically adenomas of a liver have an appearance of round grayish or dark red formations of various sizes which are located under the capsule or in the thickness of a liver and can be single or multiple.

Microscopically cholangiomas subdivide into tumors of solid type, tubular type and cystadenoma. Adenomas of solid and tubular types usually do not reach the big sizes whereas cystadenomas can reach considerable size and are inclined to malignant regeneration.

Gepatoma can be presented in the form of a simple dysembryoma of the liver encapsulated and with an accurate dolchatm a structure, or in the form of trabecular adenoma where cellular plates are deprived of a lobular arrangement and the tumor has no own capsule. The last are potentially active and inclined to malignant regeneration.

Recently adenomas of a liver are even more often described at women after prolonged use of oral steroid contraceptives.

Hemangioma.

Liver hemangioma — the most frequent of all benign tumors of this body.

Hemangiomas carry to vascular tumors. They represent benign cavernous blood tumors of a spongy structure (angiomas, cavernous hemangiomas and cavernomas) proceeding from venous vessels of a liver. Some authors consider hemangiomas not a true tumor, but a malformation, vascular gamartomy.

In literature there are instructions that hemangiomas of a liver are often combined with cysts or cystous defeat of other bodies. Hemangiomas of a liver can be boundary between benign and malignant tumors.

On a histologic structure distinguish a cavernous and skirrozny hemangioma. Separately allocate gemangioendoteliy at which find signs of the impetuous infiltrative growth characteristic of malignant tumors. On an arrangement of a hemangioma of a liver happen superficial, deep and mixed. Hemangiomas of a liver meet in the form of small multiple formations or single tumors of various size.

Knotty hyperplasia of a liver.

The knotty hyperplasia of a liver is of a certain oncological interest as on the clinical manifestations it differs from tumors of this body a little.

Even during operation it is difficult to distinguish a knotty hyperplasia from a true tumor — cancer or adenoma.

In developing of a knotty hyperplasia the great value is attached local циркуляторньм and to biliary disturbances in certain sites of a liver.

Macroscopically knotty a hyperplasia have an appearance of dark red, brown or pink formation of various size with a smooth or melkobugristy surface. On a consistence they are more dense, than intact hepatic fabric, and have no own capsule.

Microscopically at a knotty hyperplasia find a picture of local cirrhosis, sometimes very similar to a histologic structure gepaty.

It is not excluded that the local hyperplasia of a liver is a stage of uniform process: local cirrhosis — adenoma — a malignant gepatoma.

Not parasitic cysts of a liver.

Not parasitic cysts of a liver do not represent a big rarity; the reason of their education is various.

Not parasitic cysts more often happen inborn and arise from rudiments of bilious channels and the rest of germinal fabric. Traumatic cysts of a liver are formed of a hematoma after a rupture of a liver.

Cysts of ligaments of liver meet exclusively seldom and can be as true, inborn, and false — traumatic and inflammatory.

Reasons of Tumours of a liver:

Epithelial and connective tissue elements of a liver, bilious channels, and also circulatory and absorbent vessels (lymphangioma, gemangioendotelioma, cholangioma and other types of tumors) can be a source of developing of benign tumors.

Treatment of Tumours of a liver:

Treatment of benign tumors of a liver surgical. The volume of a resection of a liver depends on the sizes and localization of benign tumors, beginning from a segmentectomy and finishing an expanded right-hand hemihepatectomy.

At cysts of a liver apply opening and drainage of a cavity of cysts, excision of a cyst, a liver resection, a tsistodigestivny anastomosis and marsupialization of a cyst.