Apraxia
Description:
Apraxia (Latin apraxia from other - Greek — "a divergence, inaction") — disturbance of purposive movements and actions at safety of the elementary movements making it.
Apraxia symptoms:
Apraxias can have limited character, that is disturbances of movements can be shown for one half of a body, one extremity, muscles of the person (oral apraxia), at defeat of a corpus collosum left-side apraxia is characteristic.
Apraxias classify both by localization of damages of a brain, and by symptomatic manifestation; the complex of symptoms depends on functionality of an affected area of a brain.
* apraxia frontal (a. frontalis) — the apraxia at defeat of bark of prefrontal area of hemicerebrums which is shown disturbance of programming of the difficult, consistently proceeding motive acts.
* apraxia motor (a. motoria) — apraxia at which the patient is capable to draw up the plan of the sequence of the actions necessary for implementation of the difficult motive act, but cannot carry out it.
* apraxia premotorny (. praemotoria; Xing. dynamic) — the apraxia caused by a dezavtomatization of motive acts and their pathological inertness; it is characterized by disturbance of the skills necessary for transformation of separate movements in more difficult; it is observed at defeat of premotorny area of bark of a great brain. Arises at defeat of the 6th cytovery tectonic field of Brodman.
* apraxia cortical (a. corticalis) — the apraxia arising at defeat of bark of a dominant hemicerebrum.
* apraxia bilateral (a. bilateralis) - the bilateral apraxia arising at the pathological centers in the lower parietal lobe of a dominant hemicerebrum.
Apraxias by types of cognitive frustration and skills it is classified:
* apraxia akinetic (. akinetica; Xing. - apraxia psychomotor) — the frustration caused by a lack of motivation to the movements.
* apraxia anamnestic (a. amnestica) - the frustration which is shown disturbance of any actions at preservation imitative.
* apraxia ideatorny (. ideatoria; Greek idea idea, image; Xing.: Bongeffera associative apraxia, to Markuza apraxia, Peak ideatorny apraxia) the apraxia which is characterized by impossibility to draw up the plan of the consecutive actions necessary for implementation of the difficult motive act.
* apraxia ideokinetichesky (. ideokinetica; Greek idea the idea, an image + kinetikos relating to the movement) the apraxia caused by loss of ability to purposeful performance of the simple actions which are drawing up the difficult motive statement at preservation of a possibility of their accidental performance.
* apraxia kinaesthetic (. kinaesthetica; Xing. And. afferent) — the apraxia caused by disturbance of autokinesias as a result of frustration of a kinaesthetic afferentation and which is characterized by search of the necessary movements; it is observed at defeat of bark of postcentral area of a dominant hemicerebrum.
* apraxia constructive (a. constructiva) — the apraxia which is shown impossibility of drawing up the whole subject of its parts.
* clothing apraxia — the apraxia which is shown clothing difficulty; it is observed at defeat of pariyetooktsipitalny area of bark of a great brain, is more often than the right hemisphere.
* apraxia oral (a. oralis) — motor apraxia of facial muscles with the disorder of the difficult movements of lips and language leading to disturbance of the speech.
* apraxia space — the apraxia which is shown disturbance of orientation in space, first of all in the "right — left" direction.
* walking apraxia - the apraxia which is characterized by disturbance of walking in the absence of motive, proprioceptive, vestibular frustration and an ataxy; it is observed at defeat of bark of frontal lobes of a great brain.
Apraxia reasons:
Arises at focal defeats of bark of big cerebral hemispheres or conduction paths of a corpus collosum.
Treatment of Apraxia:
Treatment of a basic disease is carried out.
