Dicrocoeliosis
Contents:
Description:
Dicrocoeliosis (dicrocoeliosis) - a helminthic disease house and wildings, and also the person, characterized by damage of a liver and gall bladder.
Dicrocoeliosis reasons:
The dicrocoeliosis activator - helminth trematode lanceolate Dicrocoelium lanceatum - a fluke lanceolate. Length of a parasite is 5-15 mm, width 1-2, 5 mm. Eggs dark brown, have a thick cover; size of eggs 0, 038-0, 045 x 0, 022-0, 030 of mm. Parasitizes at sheep, goats, cattle, buffalo s, camels, horses, donkeys, mules, marals, hares, rabbits, gophers and the person. The activator lays eggs with already developed miratsidiy which hatches after egg is swallowed by land mollusks. In an organism of a mollusk there is a development a sporocyst then the created cercariae are allocated to the environment. Then they get to an organism of ants where metacercarias develop. In a dicrocoeliosis epizootology conditions of activity of mollusks are of great importance. Activity is as much as possible shown at 67 - 100% humidity and air temperature of 3,5 18 Pages. Therefore cercariae leave mollusks more often after rains. Eggs of dikrotseliya are steady in external environment. Drying at a temperature of 18 - 20 With does not kill them within a week. They transfer also strong cold (to - 23, and sometimes to-50 C). Thus, the first intermediate owner of a parasite land mollusks, the second - ants, final owners - agricultural and wildings, and also the person.
Dicrocoeliosis pathogeny:
In puberty stage helminths parasitize in bilious channels and in a gall bladder large and small cattle and other mammals, occasionally at the person (final, or definitivny, owners). The person catches at accidental swallowing the infested ants, for example with garden vegetables, berries, meadow herbs. The natural susceptibility of people is not defined. At people only isolated cases of a dicrocoeliosis in the different countries are described.
Life cycle of the activator of a dicrocoeliosis
Dicrocoeliosis symptoms:
The incubation interval is not defined. The acute stage can be shown by fever, the general allergic syndrome (skin rash, a giporeozinofiliya), abdominal pains, liquid excrements. At damage of a liver find a hyperbilirubinemia, a moderate giperfermentemiya (mainly at the expense of an alkaline phosphatase), a hypoalbuminemia. Pristupoobrazny pains in right hypochondrium, a loss of appetite, an unstable chair are characteristic of a chronic stage of a dicrocoeliosis, at accession of a bacterial infection - fever, increase in the sizes of a liver, a leukocytosis, increase in SOE.
Diagnosis of a dicrocoeliosis:
The diagnosis of a dicrocoeliosis is established on the basis of a clinical picture of a disease, data of the epidemiological anamnesis (contact with vegetation in cattle breeding areas) and results of laboratory researches. The diagnosis confirms detection in duodenal contents and excrements of eggs of helminth.
Treatment of a dicrocoeliosis:
Treatment of a dicrocoeliosis is carried out in a hospital hloksily according to the scheme: drug is accepted after food within 2 days, washing down with milk. The forecast is favorable.
Measures of immunoprevention are not developed. Prevention consists in the prevention of a zapolzaniye on food stuffs of ants, especially in expeditions, tourist campaigns; in identification and treatment of the domestic animals sick with a dicrocoeliosis.
