Koktsidiomikoz

Description:

Koktsidiomikoz — the disease caused by fungi of Coccidioides immitis and which is followed by formation of inflammatory infiltrates of various size in lungs, skin and bones. Infection koktsidiomikozy occurs generally through a respiratory organs, is more rare through skin. Diagnosis is based on identification of the activator at microscopic examination and crops of separated. Treatment of a koktsidiomikoz consists in use of modern antifungal drugs.
Koktsidiomikoz is widespread in steppe and desert areas, he is local, that is tied to a certain environment, a disease. In Europe кокцидиомикоз meets in isolated cases whereas in some regions of the USA various displays of this disease are noted at 60% of the population.

Koktsidiomikoz's symptoms:

Koktsidiomikoz develops 7-18 days later after infection through respiratory tracts. At infection through integuments this period increases about one month and more. At the majority infected (about 60%) primary infection has an asymptomatic current. A quarter infected koktsidiomikozy has a defeat of a respiratory organs which proceeds as a SARS in the beginning. Then cough, short wind and stethalgias joins. In lungs there are small centers of an inflammation - granulomas which can merge, sometimes striking the whole share. The clinical picture corresponds to bronchitis  or pneumonia, pleurisy in certain cases develops.

Involvement of skin in infectious process happens, as a rule, 1-2 weeks later after the beginning of pulmonary manifestations. At infection koktsidiomikozy through skin skin manifestations arise without the previous changes from a respiratory organs. More often skin of extremities, the heads and necks is surprised. Rash has character of a knotty erythema and is caused by emergence in skin of small inflammatory infiltrates. Formation in skin of abscesses and emergence of nodular and ulcer elements is possible. After opening of skin infiltrates there are ulcers which bottom is covered with vegetations. Being epithelized, ulcers leave star-shaped hems. Rash at a koktsidiomikoza can be followed by morbidity and a swelling of joints.

Koktsidiomikoz is dangerous by development of a septic (generalized) form of a disease at which the infection on blood vessels can extend in any body with education in it fungal granulomas. Granulomas are inclined to purulent fusion therefore the generalized form of a koktsidiomikoz proceeds very hard with the expressed intoxication and can lead to a lethal outcome. Spread of an infection to covers and substance of a brain with development of abscesses and purulent meningitis is the most dangerous.

Several years later or months after the postponed acute koktsidiomikoz can arise secondary кокцидиомикоз of which the heavy progressing current with extensive defeats of pulmonary fabric, edges and vertebrae, and also with formation of infiltrates in an abdominal cavity is characteristic.

Koktsidiomikoz's reasons:

Koktsidiomikoz is a fungus disease. Its activator - a mushroom of Coccidioides immitis which development happens in the soil. With dust disputes of a mushroom are carried by air and can get into a human body at inhalation. Infection koktsidiomikozy is possible through the damaged covers of skin or through mucous digestive tract at the use of the products infected with disputes. Cases of infection of the person from sick people or animals are not revealed.

Koktsidiomikoz's treatment:

Depending on a form and weight of a koktsidiomikoz treatment is carried out by intake, intravenous or intramuscular administration of antifungal antibiotics (амфоглюкамин, amfolit, Amphotericinum In), a noksafila, a nofung or various drugs of fluconazole (дифлазон, Diflucan, микомакс, a mikosist, flucostat).