Insufficiency of the aortal valve

Description:

Insufficiency of the aortal valve develops at dysfunction of the aortal valve. For understanding of this state it will be useful to know how the aortal valve works normal. It works as gate which work in one party, opening in order that blood from a left ventricle (the main pumping camera of heart) could be pushed out in an aorta, a large artery which departs from heart. From an aorta the blood enriched with oxygen gets into the branching-off arteries and in all organism to feed cells. When heart has a rest between reductions, the aortal valve remains closed that prevents a blood flow back to heart. You watch the image of how the aortal valve works. At aortal insufficiency the aortal valve is not closed normally. At each cordial reduction there is a little blood which is pushed out in an aorta via the damaged valve, proceeds back in a left ventricle (this process is called regurgitation). The organism does not receive enough blood therefore heart has to work more to fill this shortage (compensation). You watch the image of regurgitation of the aortal valve.
Usually symptoms can not develop decades because heart tries to compensate insufficiency, becoming more to push out bigger amount of blood. But, if not to carry out insufficiency correction, regurgitation usually worsens over time and there are symptoms, such as an asthma and fatigue. On this place for prevention of disturbances of a cordial rhythm (arrhythmias), heart failure and emergence of irreversible changes in a cardiac muscle usually to be made replacement of the aortal valve.

In rare instances insufficiency of the aortal valve arises suddenly and demands rendering emergency medical service.

Some people have an amount of blood which comes back in a left ventricle, very small. Usually it does not cause any symptoms and does not lead to development of problems. This section is focused on more serious cases of insufficiency of the aortal valve when a significant amount of blood is returned to a left ventricle.

Symptoms of Insufficiency of the aortal valve:

At early stages people with chronic insufficiency of the aortal valve often have no symptoms. Nevertheless, attempts to compensate a reduced blood flow force heart to work stronger, and over the years the left ventricle can slowly increase. During compensatory processes heart becomes weaker and symptoms begin to appear. Can be such symptoms:

    * Fatigue and weakness.
    * An asthma, especially during physical activity.
    * Disturbances of a cordial rhythm (arrhythmia).
    * Heartbeat, unpleasant feeling of the accelerated and wrong cordial rhythm.
    * The stenocardia, pain in a breast which is often arising at loading.
    * Loss of consciousness (syncope).

At acute insufficiency of the aortal valve the listed above symptoms develop suddenly and often happen more expressed. At people with such state the accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia) can also develop. Acute insufficiency of the aortal valve is the state demanding rendering emergency medical service.

Reasons of Insufficiency of the aortal valve:

Insufficiency of the aortal valve can cause any state at which there is a damage of the aortal valve. Usually are the reasons: the birth with defect of the aortal valve; wear of the valve with age; infectious process of an internal vystilka of heart (endocarditis) and rheumatic fever. Increase in an aorta owing to high arterial pressure and hardening of arteries (atherosclerosis) can also cause insufficiency of the aortal valve. In rare instances damage of the aortal valve can arise after radiation therapy of bodies of a chest cavity.

Rare states which can cause insufficiency of the aortal valve are general diseases of connecting fabric (Marfan's syndrome), some types of arthritises (an ankylosing spondylitis), some autoimmune diseases and syphilis.

The most often acute (sudden) insufficiency of the aortal valve is caused:

    * An endocarditis which represents the infectious process in heart caused by bacteria.
    * Stratification of an aorta which consists in separation of an inside layer of an aorta from an average.
    * Problems with the replaced (fitted a prosthesis) aortal valve.

Other states which cause acute insufficiency of the aortal valve include an injury of the valve of heart or aorta.

Treatment of Insufficiency of the aortal valve:

Treatment of insufficiency of the aortal valve depends on its reason and your symptoms.

Most often at for the first time the diagnosed chronic insufficiency of the aortal valve, people do not need treatment. But for control of your state you will need to visit the doctor regularly. In certain cases for a lowering of arterial pressure and a delay of progressing of a disease one or several drugs are used: blocker of calcium channels nifedipine, inhibitor of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (APF) or vasodilator гидралазин.

At it is long the lasting (chronic) insufficiency of the aortal valve, emergence of symptoms (even if they poorly expressed) or at loss the left ventricle of sokratitelny ability usually recommends surgical replacement of the valve for prevention or recovery of injury of heart.

At acute insufficiency of the aortal valve there is a need for immediate surgical treatment for prevention of death.