Hydramnion

Description:

The hydramnion is the morbid condition which is characterized by excess accumulation of amniotic waters. The volume of amniotic waters depends on duration of gestation. In 10 weeks the volume of waters at normal pregnancy makes 30 ml, in 14 weeks - 100 ml, by 37-38 weeks of pregnancy - 1-1,5 l. If it reaches 1,5-2 l and more, then speak about a hydramnion. It meets in 0,3-0,6% of all childbirth.

Hydramnion symptoms:

At a hydramnion the pregnant woman has heavy feelings and abdominal pains, an indisposition, hypostases of legs. Due to the excessive accumulation of amniotic waters, the increased uterus presses on the next bodies and lifts a diaphragm up, complicating blood circulation and breath of the pregnant woman, breaking functions of other bodies. The stomach at a hydramnion can become covered by extensions strenuously. If to touch it, the clear gurgling is often heard. The uterus is strained, it is difficult to part of a body of a fruit to probe, heartbeat is listened indistinctly. The diagnosis is made on the basis of discrepancy of the sizes of a uterus (a circle of a stomach, height of standing of its bottom over a bosom) to duration of gestation. The fruit is mobile, note its unstable situation. Crucial importance at diagnosis of a hydramnion has ultrasonography.

Acute and chronic hydramnion.
The hydramnion can be acute and chronic. At an acute hydramnion the amount of amniotic waters increases quickly. As a result pregnancy, as a rule, is interrupted ahead of schedule, the fruit perishes (fetoplacental insufficiency, premature placental detachment) or is born with malformations, the hysterorrhesis is possible. At a chronic hydramnion the amount of amniotic waters increases gradually, the forecast of pregnancy depends on degree of manifestation of a hydramnion and speed of its increase.

Hydramnion reasons:

The hydramnion reasons are up to the end not studied. Most often the hydramnion develops at patients with a diabetes mellitus, women having infectious diseases, diseases of kidneys, cardiovascular diseases; development of a hydramnion at a Rhesus factor conflict is possible, at polycarpous pregnancy (at what the hydramnion of one fruit is frequent to be combined with an oligoamnios of another). The large fruit, decrease in secretory function of a fruit, swallowing dysfunction (at the end of pregnancy the child absorbs every day about 4 l of amniotic waters which are completely updated every 3 hour) can become the reason of a hydramnion. Also the hydramnion meets at fruit malformations. In 30% of cases the reason of a hydramnion remains obscure.

Treatment of the Hydramnion:

Pregnant women with a hydramnion have to be under constant observation of the doctor. If there is no expressed circulatory disturbance and breath (easy and average degree of a hydramnion), doctors aim to keep pregnancy before its physiological end. However the hydramnion threatens with development of chronic air hunger of a fruit. Therefore it is necessary to look for the reason which caused development of a hydramnion to watch a condition of a fruit by means of a dopplerometriya and cardiomonitoring and to carry out medicamentous prevention of a hypoxia of a fruit. As a rule, carry out therapy by antibiotics.

To avoid threat of life of mother, at the expressed hydramnion, dysfunction of breath and blood circulation there is a need of early delivery.