Irrigoskopiya

Irrigoskopiya is a medical X-ray inspection of a large intestine. Today it is the safest method which allows to reveal a number of diseases: intestines cancer, polyps, nonspecific ulcer colitis, disease Krone, diverticulums, etc.

Indications to an irrigoskopiya

Doctors recommend to make an intestines irrigoskopiya for specification of the diagnosis to patients with such symptoms:

• hemorrhage from an anus;
• pains or unpleasant feelings in the field of an anus;
• constant locks or diarrheas;
• release of pus or slime from an anus;
• ulcer colitis;
• disease Krone;
• suspicions on new growths of intestines;
• fistulas;
• divertuculosis;
• disturbance of formation of intestines.

Also it is necessary to make an irrigoskopiya and in cases, when there is no an opportunity to carry out a kolonoskopiya (diagnosis of a large intestine by means of a colonoscope) or if its results do not give a full picture.

Insistently advise to make an intestines irrigoskopiya to patients at suspicion at them of cancer as this research allows to reveal most precisely the tumors growing in a gut gleam.

Contraindications

Doctors will prohibit to make an intestines irrigoskopiya at:

• prompt ulcer colitis;
• pregnancies;
• megacolon of toxic character;
• tachycardia and some other diseases which can worsen a condition of the patient considerably.

Preparation for an irrigoskopiya

The accuracy of results of a research is influenced in many respects by the correct preparation for an irrigoskopiya which means observance of a special diet and preliminary holding the clearing procedures for intestines.

1. A diet – the first stage of preparation for an irrigoskopiya.

In two-three days prior to the procedure the patient excludes all slag products as they can cause intestines swelling from the diet. Also it is forbidden to eat fresh vegetables (cabbage, carrots, beet, bean), greens, some porridges (oat, millet, pearl-barley), fruit (oranges, apples, bananas, peaches, apricots), bread from dark flour. Beef-infusion broths should not be strongly rich, and recommend to steam all dishes (or to cook). The lunch on the eve of carrying out an irrigoskopiya of intestines has to be a lung, the dinner and a breakfast is excluded absolutely.

2. Purgation – the second stage of preparation for an irrigoskopiya.

By means of an irrigoskopiya it is possible to receive very exact results of inspection provided that intestines of the person will be completely cleared of the fecal masses therefore only one diet is not enough, by means of special laxatives or enemas it is necessary to clear intestines. The cleansing enema is done in the evening and in the morning. In intestines drive water about a liter for once and repeat enemas to those a time until washing waters are pure without the content of impurity of fecal masses.

Enemas for purgation can be replaced with laxatives, for example, Flit, Dyufalak or Fortrans. They are accepted according to the instruction, beginning on the eve of the procedure and finishing in the morning in day of inspection.

Holding a procedure by means of the device for an irrigoskopiya

Carrying out an irrigoskopiya takes from 15 to 45 minutes, the procedure is almost painless.

Barium sulfate – a contrast agent – is mixed with water (400 g of substance on 1,5 – 2 liters), mix is warmed up to 35 degrees. Enter contrast to the patient by means of the special device for an irrigoskopiya which is called Bobrov's device (it is used also for intestinal washings).

This device for an irrigoskopiya consists from banks of 1 or 2 liters with densely closed cover and two tubes connected to it. On the end of one there is a rubber pear which gives air in bank, and another is put on one-time system for carrying out an irrigoskopiya the end, through it a contrast agent is entered into a gut.

Contrast is filled in in bank, then by means of a pear the doctor forces in it air under the influence of which under a cover the excessive pressure advancing a baric suspension on a tube gradually is created filling intestines.

The research is carried out as follows: under radiological control the large intestine is gradually filled with a suspension and make aim and survey pictures of all its departments in various provisions of the patient (lying on spin, on one side, on a stomach). Then do two more survey pictures: 1 – after full distribution of barium, it allows to estimate diameter of a gleam, a form and an arrangement of a large intestine; 2 – after extraction of a tube and bowel emptying to investigate a relief of a mucous membrane and to define functional activity of body.

And at the last stage carry out the equipment of a double contrast study. And if for the previous procedure it was possible to use a usual enema, then this is carried out only the device for an irrigoskopiya. For this purpose by the device a gut it is dosed fill with air. Mucous it is still covered with a thin layer of contrast, and air straightens folds that gives the chance in more detail to study structure of a wall. A method of a double contrast study – defining at diagnosis of ulcers, polyps and oncological processes in a large intestine.

Intestines irrigoskopiya complications

At the correct holding a procedure taking into account contraindications, serious complications at the patient do not arise. Within 3 days clarification of fecal masses at the expense of barium and a chair delay is possible, in that case the patient is recommended to give an enema or accept laxative.

In rare instances there is a baric embolism (i.e. formation of baric granulomas), perforation of a wall of a gut, and is even more rare – contrast zatyok in retroperitoneal space or in an abdominal cavity.