Pancreatonecrosis

Pancreatonecrosis – a complication of such serious illness as acute pancreatitis (a pancreas inflammation). As a rule, mortality at a pancreatonecrosis of a pancreas makes 40-70%, and it only provided that patients begin to be treated timely with use of the most modern medical techniques.

Dying off of any site or all pancreas is characteristic of necrotic pancreatitis. It results from impact on fabrics of certain enzymes which are produced by a pancreas, in combination with infectious process, peritonitis and other aggravations.

Pancreatonecrosis reasons

Statistically, about 70% of patients with a pancreatonecrosis a long time in excessive quantity took alcoholic beverages. Another 30% of patients with a pancreas pancreatonecrosis had cholelithiasis earlier.

Thus, are the most common causes of a pancreatonecrosis:

• abuse of alcoholic drinks;
• regular overeating, abuse of too greasy or fried food;
• serious viral and infectious diseases;
• cholelithiasis;
• peptic ulcer of a stomach and 12-perstny gut;
• the operative measures postponed earlier or injuries of an abdominal cavity.

Today the pancreatonecrosis is considered one of the most dangerous diseases of an abdominal cavity at which not only the pancreas suffers, but also work of other digestive organs is broken.

In the course of progressing of a disease there is at first pancreas hypostasis then in it sites of necrotic fabric appear. If the pancreatonecrosis not to diagnose and not to start immediate treatment in time, is quite often added to process of a necrosis of a pancreas as well abscess.

Stages of development of a pancreatonecrosis

Development of this serious illness happens in three stages:

• At the first stage of development of a pancreatonecrosis there is a toxaemia. At this stage the patient in blood has toxins having the bacterial nature. At the same time in blood presence of microbes which these bacteria develop is not obligatory at all.
• Abscess is formed in a pancreas at the second stage of a pancreatonecrosis. Quite often abscess is formed also in nearby bodies.
• At the third stage in pancreas tissues, and also in retroperitoneal cellulose there are purulent changes.

Pancreatonecrosis symptoms

The most important symptom of a necrosis of a pancreas is the acute pain in left hypochondrium which gives to a shoulder, a side and a back, and sometimes and to the area of heart. Pain is constant, but sometimes can cease a little, especially if to accept horizontal position and to press knees to a stomach. The nature of pains in many respects depends on course of a pancreatonecrosis, its reasons and a form:

• 6% of patients characterize pain as moderate;
• 10% because of severe pains are in a condition of a collapse;
• 40% of patients feel acute pains;
• 44% described pains as very strong, almost intolerable.

One more integral symptom of a pancreatonecrosis of a pancreas is vomiting which, by the way, to the patient does not give relief. Constant vomiting at the patient is resulted by organism dehydration.

As in a blood plasma at the patient with a necrosis of a pancreas increase in concentration of vasoactive components is observed, one more indirect symptom is long face reddening. And here when the patient enters a condition of a collapse, its integuments, on the contrary, turn pale.

At this disease in blood the level of elastase which in excessive quantity is inclined to destroy blood vessels that promotes developing of bleedings in a digestive tract increases. A consequence of destruction of blood vessels and necrotic phenomena in a pancreas are spots on buttocks of blue-violet color. Also they can be observed on a front abdominal wall, sides and around a navel.

These are not all symptoms of a pancreatonecrosis. For example, at inspection of the patient in a pleural, abdominal cavity, and also in a cavity of a pericardium it is possible to find an exudate.

Treatment of a pancreatonecrosis

The forecast of this disease in many respects depends on adequate and timely treatment of a pancreatonecrosis, and also on extent of damage of a pancreas. The great value in successful treatment is played by early diagnosis of a disease. Preferential the pancreas pancreatonecrosis manages to be diagnosed for patients at the first stage.

As treatment of a pancreatonecrosis at the first stage apply medicines by means of which work of a pancreas is blocked. Operation at a pancreatonecrosis at the first stage of development is not reasonable as it is impossible to reveal accurately what site of a pancreas underwent a necrosis.

In order to avoid various purulent processes to the patient in addition to the medicines blocking work of a pancreas appoint antiseptic and antibacterial medicines, and also immunostimulators.

At timely and correct treatment of a pancreatonecrosis its progressing can be stopped at an early stage without development of any serious complications. However the inflammation develops much more often, and the pancreas destroys itself. Then carrying out operation at a pancreatonecrosis which means removal of the destroyed pancreas tissue is reasonable. An operation at a pancreatonecrosis is very hard undergone by the patient and for the surgeon is also connected with a certain risk therefore resort to it only in extreme cases. Often there is organism intoxication when many bodies just refuse to work.

It is possible to survive at a pancreatonecrosis less, than a half of patients. If after all someone had the happy ticket, then throughout all remained life this person needs to make thrifty use of the health very much. It is necessary to impose a lifelong taboo on all excesses. It is necessary to eat only the stewed or steamed dishes in the fractional portions on 5-6 times a day. All food has to be neutral temperature – too hot or cold food irritates a stomach and promotes activation of work of a pancreas. Greasy food also under a ban as it long is digested and excessively strains a pancreas. Salty, sweet and smoked as such food promotes inflammatory processes is forbidden to use all.

It is possible to eat the dried bread, boiled vegetables, fermented milk products, low-fat meat, easy broths and porridges on water. Forever it is necessary to forget about fresh vegetables and fruit, mayonnaise, spices, chocolate, fresh bread, carbonated drinks, milk, various canned food and alcohol.