Chronic bronchitis

Description:

Bronchitis is considered chronic if cough with expectoration proceeds not less than three months in a year within two years and more. The Chronic Bronchitis (CB) is the most widespread chronic nonspecific disease of respiratory system.

Symptoms of Chronic bronchitis:

Viruses or chemical, physical impacts damage epithelial cells of a mucous membrane of bronchial tubes and cause their death that creates favorable conditions for penetration into tissues of bronchial tubes of a bacterial flora (more often than a pneumococcus and a hemophilic stick). The bacterial flora usually joins virus damage of airways about 2-3 days of a disease. It defines a further current of the arisen inflammation which is aggravated with disturbance of microcirculation, a nervous trophicity and microfibrinferments. Usually the inflammation disappears, and the injured mucous membrane of a respiratory path is recovered within several weeks. At a part of patients pathological process is not exposed to involution and gains chronic character. In mild cases morphological changes are limited only to a mucous membrane, in heavy - all layers of a bronchial wall are taken. The mucous membrane is represented edematous, hyperemic, with availability of mucous, mucopurulent or purulent exudate on a surface. At a severe form hemorrhages in a mucous membrane are quite often observed, exudate can gain hemorrhagic character. In some cases full obturation is noted by a secret of a gleam of small bronchial tubes and bronchioles.
The acute bronchitis usually lasts about 10 days. As well as other respiratory diseases, bronchitis can accompany cold or flu or to arise as a result, but can begin and in itself, without visible preliminary occasion. The disease usually begins with dry cough which can be strong, especially at night, and can deprive thereby of the normal dream having this disease and rest. In several days dry cough passes into wet cough which can be followed by small temperature increase, fatigue, headaches. Heat, an indisposition, a condition of fatigue and apathy can pass in only several days, but cough can last and several weeks. At some people cough can last up to several months as healing of an inflammation of bronchial ways — slow process.
If cough lasts more than a month, it is worth addressing for consultation the specialist laryngologist and to find out whether the irritation of respiratory tracts and cough of any other reason has no it, in addition to an inflammation. At some patients with bronchitis the irritation of bronchial ways which dragged on for several months can lead to asthma.

Reasons of Chronic bronchitis:

Long irritation of bronchial tubes harmful factors (dust, smoke, carbon monoxide, various chemicals), recurrent respiratory infection (viruses, influenza stick, pneumococci), long influence of crude and cold air.
Less often chronic bronchitis is caused by some genetic deviations.
Chronic bronchitis can be secondary against the background of inflammatory diseases of easy and upper respiratory tracts.

Treatment of Chronic bronchitis:

In most cases the acute bronchitis is caused by a viral, but not bacterial infection, and the acute stage usually passes without use of antibiotics by itself within a week. Antibiotics can be applied at treatment of the bronchitis having the bacterial nature, and sometimes and as supportive application at suspicion on possible complications or associated diseases. As the warming antibechic grinding is applied by warm camphoric oil. There are effective non-drug ways of treatment of cough, including an acute bronchitis which are useful for applying both in the presence of the drug treatment appointed by the doctor, and in its absence. The patient needs to have a rest as much as possible and to drink much. Enough the drinks which are not containing caffeine, such as water or juice or herbal tea is required (to 2 — 4 liters of liquid a day). In a frigid climate for treatment of cough by tradition warm drink is recommended: tea with raspberry, honey, lime color; the warmed-up alkaline mineral water. As the inflammation of bronchial ways is as a rule accompanied also by a throat inflammation, during bronchitis the soft, not acute, not causing irritation of a throat food is recommended.
As in dry air the condition of the patient with bronchitis can be aggravated, it is necessary to take measures for increase in air humidity indoors. For this purpose it is possible or to use room humidifiers, or simple house means: in process of drying it is constant to hang out wet towels or sheets in the room of the patient. It is especially important in a frigid climate when in the fall and in the winter internal rooms are heated also air in them very dry.
In a frigid climate it is also important to pay attention to body temperature and clothes. At bronchitis disturbance of thermal control of an organism can be observed and as a rule hydropoiesis increases, and release of unusually strong sweat can happen even at small, usual physical effort. The patient with bronchitis needs to be dressed on weather not to freeze and to be chilled, but also it is necessary to take a shower in case of transuding and it is obligatory to change wet clothes for dry.
Not to aggravate a state at cough and to promote the fastest healing of the inflamed bronchial ways, to smokers it is strongly recommended to reduce sharply quantity of cigarettes (and if it is possible, then it is better to leave off smoking absolutely), and in any case to abstain from smoking in that room where they live or work.
During recovery when the health and close to normal temperature is recovered, but cough still torments and the sleep is all the same often interrupted, it is recommended not to aim at long lying in a bed, and in breaks of a dream to make short walks in the fresh air during the warm period of year — on the wood or the park or near the sea. It will help expectoration of a painful phlegm and will improve the general state, and finally will help to normalize rather a dream of the patient and to recover his forces.