Measles
Description:
Measles - the acute infectious (viral) disease which is characterized by the high level of contageousness (the index of contageousness approaches 100%) and transferred in the airborne way.
Cory's symptoms:
Incubation interval of 8 — 14 days (it is rare up to 17 days). The acute beginning — rise in temperature to 38 — 40 °C, dry cough, cold, a photophobia, sneezing, a voice osiplost, a headache, the century and reddening of a conjunctiva, a hyperemia of a pharynx and a clumsy enantema — red spots on a hard and soft palate swelled. For the 2nd day of a disease on mucous cheeks molars have small whitish specks surrounded with a narrow red border — Belsky's spots — Filatova — Koplika — pathognomonic for measles. Korevy rash (dieback) develops on 4 — the 5th day of a disease, at first on a face, a neck, behind ears, next day on a trunk and for the 3rd day of a rash cover extensor surfaces of hands and legs, including fingers. Rash consists of the small papules surrounded with a spot and inclined to merge (in it its characteristic difference from a rubella — rash at which does not merge). Involution of elements of rash begins from the 4th day of rashes — temperature is normalized, rash darkens, grows brown, is pigmented, shelled (in the same sequence, as rashes). Pigmentation remains 1 — 1,5 weeks.
Cory's reasons:
The causative agent of measles is the RNA virus of a sort of morbillivirus, families of paramyxoviruses, has spherical shape and diameter of 120 — 230 nanometers. Consists of a nucleocapsid — filched RNA plus three proteins and the external cover formed by matrix proteins (surface glucoproteins) of two types — one of them hemagglutinin, other "ganteleobrazny" protein. The virus is unstable in external environment, quickly perishes out of a human body from influence of various chemical and physical factors (radiation, boiling, processing by disinfectants). Despite instability to influence of external environment cases of spread of a virus on considerable distances with an air flow on ventilating system — in cold season in one separately taken building are known. The weakened strains of a clumsy virus are used for production of a live protivokorevy vaccine.
Cory's treatment:
Specific treatment is absent therefore symptomatic therapy is carried out. The patient needs to be isolated from people around (in particular from children); the bed rest and liquid food are recommended. It is optional to darken the room. For the prevention of consecutive bacterial infections appoint antibiotics.
