Headache
Description:
The headache is the painful feeling which is localized in the area from orbits to suboccipital level.
Headache reasons:
- The reasons of emergence of a headache include:
- acute and chronic vascular diseases of a brain;
- diseases of the autonomic nervous system (vegetative dystonias);
- neurosises;
- diseases of peripheral vegetative educations;
- general infectious diseases and infectious diseases of a brain, covers, and also eyes, ENT organs;
- head injuries;
- brain tumors;
- dismetabolichesky disturbances and a hypoxia of a brain as a result of somatopathies;
- reception of some drugs (nitrates, antagonists of calcium, antibiotics, oral contraceptives, etc.), long reception of analgetics.
Tension headache pathogeny
Headache symptoms:
Features of clinical implication of a headache in general depends on the mechanism which caused it. The venous mechanism causes feeling of the heavy, "stale" head in the morning or after long stay in horizontal position. Reduction of pain after active movements of muscles of a shoulder girdle is observed. In parallel morning hypostasis a century, and sometimes and persons attracts attention.
At the vasculomotor mechanism the pulsing headache is observed. Ischemic - whether the hypoxemic pathogeny leads to the pressing aching stupid headache.
Except the vascular mechanism leading to development of a headache liquorodynamic can be observed. For example, at intracranial hypertensia when hyperproduction of liquor and disturbance of its outflow takes place, there is arching pain which is followed by nausea, sometimes vomiting, faints. The patient feels pain even at the movement as eyeglobes. At the expressed hypertensia there is a decrease in volume of movements of eyeglobes, a diplopia, squint, stagnation on an eyeground. On EhoKG, KT, nuclear magnetic resonance intracranial hypertensia is found. After use of dehydrational actions noticeable improvement of a state is observed. Intracranial hypotension can also lead to development of a headache, in that case it amplifies at a rising and walking, decreases at rest or in a prone position.
Other type of a headache – neurotic, or tension cephalalgia. Pain is felt as the pressing "hard headdress" which arises after emotional, intellectual pressure, long stay in one pose.
The neuralgic headache is represented a short-term intolerable paroxysm in a zone of an innervation of the corresponding nerve with existence of "kurkovy zones", and a hypesthesia or a hyperesthesia in an innervation zone.
The last origins of a headache are estimated as psikhalgicheskiya. The headache is represented as a depression equivalent. Pain on type "hysterical is observed nailing". Also it can be the constant pain of small intensity which is not limiting working capacity.
Treatment of the Headache:
Treatment head pain should be carried out taking into account the mechanism of its development. So, at a venous headache venotoniziruyushchy drugs are shown, at vasculomotor pain it is necessary to accept antagonists of calcium, ergotamine drugs, and at ischemic - the hypoxemic headache needs to carry out complex treatment, including antiagregant (aspirin, curantyl, тиклид) and the drugs influencing microcirculation (trental, niacin).
Pathogenetic bases of liquorodynamic head Bol assume use of dehydrational therapy in case of intracranial hypertensia, and an organism flood in case of its hypotension.
The headache of tension is stopped by sedatives, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants and reflex influence.
Use of drugs of a karbamazepinovy row, analgetics and reflex influence exerts impact on a headache of neuralgic character.
Bol which is regarded as a depression equivalent demands prescription of antidepressants.
