Ксалатамакс

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 0,005 mg of a latanoprost.

Excipients: a benzalkoniya chloride, dihydrophosphate sodium monohydrate, sodium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, the water purified.

Eye drops for treatment of glaucoma. Effectively reduces intraocular pressure due to increase in outflow of watery moisture, has protivoglaukomny effect. Supports optimum level of intraocular pressure for days and controls its daily fluctuations. Ксалатамакс it can be applied it is long without decrease in expressiveness of hypotensive action.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Латанопрост is an analog of F2α prostaglandin and the selection agonist of FP of receptors. Reduces intraocular pressure by increase in outflow of watery moisture and has protivoglaukomny effect.

The main mechanism of action of a latanoprost is connected with increase in uveoskleralny outflow. Does not exert reliable impact on products of watery moisture and does not influence a blood-ocular barrier.

Decrease in intraocular pressure begins in 3-4 hours after administration of drug, the maximum effect is noted in 8-12 hours, action continues within not less than 24 hours.

Pharmacokinetics. Well gets through a cornea, at the same time there is a hydrolysis of a latanoprost to biologically active form - acids of a latanoprost. Cmax of a latanoprost in watery moisture is reached approximately in 2 h after topical administration of drug.

In eye tissues acid of a latanoprost is practically not metabolized; metabolism happens, mainly, in a liver.

Metabolism and removal. T1/2 makes 17 min. The main metabolites - 1,2-dinor-and 1,2,3,4-tetraholes-metabolites do not possess or have weak biological activity, are removed by kidneys.

Indications to use:

- open angle glaucoma;

- increase in intraocular pressure.

Route of administration and doses:

Drug is dug in in a conjunctival sac of eyes on 1 drop of 1 times a day, in the evening; at the admission of a dose following is entered in the usual mode (i.e. the dose is not doubled). At more frequent administration of drug its efficiency decreases.

Features of use:

Use at pregnancy and feeding by a breast. There is no sufficient experiment on use of drug during pregnancy and in the period of a lactation. Ksalatamaks's use at pregnancy is possible only under control of the doctor and only if the expected advantage for mother exceeds risk of development of possible side effects in a fruit.

Латанопрост and its metabolites can be allocated with breast milk. In need of Ksalatamaks's appointment in the period of a lactation breastfeeding should be stopped.

Латанопрост can cause gradual change of color of eyes due to increase in quantity of a brown pigment in an iris. This effect comes to light preferential at patients with the mixed coloring of an iris, for example, blue-brown, gray-brown, green-brown or yellowy-brown that is explained by increase in content of melanin in stromal melanocytes of an iris. Usually brown pigmentation extends concentrically around a pupil to the periphery of an iris of eyes, at the same time all iris or its parts can gain more rich brown color. At patients with evenly painted eyes of blue, gray, green or brown color of discoloration of eyes after two years of use of drug were observed very seldom. Discoloration is not followed by any clinical symptoms or pathological changes. After drug withdrawal further increase in quantity of a brown pigment was not observed, however already developed discoloration can be irreversible. In the presence of a nevus or лентиго on an iris their change under the influence of therapy was not noted.

Prior to treatment of patients it is necessary to inform on a possibility of discoloration of eyes. In case of intensive change of pigmentation of eyes treatment can be stopped. Treatment only of one eye can lead to a constant heterochromia.

Латанопрост can cause gradual changes of eyelashes and vellus hair, such as lengthening, thickening, pigmentation strengthening, increase in density and change of the direction of growth of eyelashes. Changes of eyelashes are reversible and take place after the treatment termination.

Drug the benzalkoniya contains chloride which can be absorbed in contact lenses. When using contact lenses it is necessary to remove them before an instillation and again to dress not earlier than in 15-20 minutes after drug instillation.

The bottle needs to be closed after each use.

It is not necessary to touch with a pipette tip an eye.

Influence on ability to driving of motor transport and to control of mechanisms. Patients at whom after use of eye drops passing misting of sight is observed are not recommended to drive the car or to work with moving mechanisms before its recovery.

Side effects:

From an organ of sight: irritation of eyes (burning sensation, feeling of sand in eyes, an itch, a pricking and feeling of a foreign body), the blepharitis, a conjunctiva hyperemia, eye pain, strengthening of pigmentation of an iris, passing dot erosion of an epithelium, swelled a century, hypostasis and erosion of a cornea, conjunctivitis, lengthening, a thickening, increase in number and strengthening of pigmentation of eyelashes and vellus hair, an iritis/uveitis, a keratitis, macular hypostasis (including tsistoidny), change of the direction of growth of eyelashes, sometimes defiant irritation of an eye, sight misting.

Dermatological reactions: rash, darkening of skin a century and local skin reactions from a century.

From a nervous system: dizziness, headache.

From respiratory system: bronchial asthma (including bad attacks or an exacerbation of a disease at patients with bronchial asthma in the anamnesis), an asthma.

From a musculoskeletal system: muscle pains, joint pain.

Others: nonspecific stethalgias.

Interaction with other medicines:

Латанопрост possesses the additive action concerning decrease in intraocular pressure at its use in a combination with beta adrenoblockers, adrenomimetika, inhibitors of a karboangidraza and partial additive action at use in a combination with m cholinomimetics.

When mixing with latanoprosty the eye drops containing tiomersat, there is precipitation.

It is necessary to apply the eye drops containing the specified substances with an interval not less than 5 min.

Simultaneous use of 2 analogs of prostaglandins can cause paradoxical increase in intraocular pressure.

Contraindications:

- individual hypersensitivity to a latanoprost, a benzalkoniya to chloride or other components of drug;

- age up to 18 years.

With care it is necessary to apply at patients with an aphakia, a pseudo-aphakia, damage of the back capsule of a crystalline lens and other risk factors of development of macular hypostasis (at treatment latanoprosty cases of development of macular hypostasis, including tsistoidny are described), inflammatory, inborn glaucoma due to the lack of sufficient experience of use of drug.

Overdose:

Symptoms: irritation of a mucous membrane of an eye, hyperemia of a conjunctiva or episclera.

Treatment: performing symptomatic therapy.

Storage conditions:

To store in the dry, protected from light place unavailable to children, at a temperature from 2 to 8 °C; after opening of a bottle – at a temperature not above +25 °C within 4 weeks. A period of validity - 2 years.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Drops eye 0.005% on 2,5 ml in plastic bottles with a pipette the doser.