Iritis

Description:

Iritis - an inflammation of an iris of the eye of an eye owing to the general infectious diseases.
Iritis in connection with uniform system of vascular food always coexist along with a cyclitis. Even when it is about the isolated defeat of an iris of the eye, to some extent the ciliary body also is involved in inflammatory process.

Iritis symptoms:

The beginning of a current of an iritis is followed by complaints of the patient to reddening of an eye, dacryagogue, pain and decrease in sight, a photophobia. Sometimes pain gives to the corresponding half of the head.
All symptoms of an iritis can be divided into two groups: the main and auxiliary. The main are understood as those which are inherent only to an iritis. Such symptoms three:

1) discoloration of an iris of the eye,
2) change of its drawing
3) narrowing of a pupil.

The first symptom is caused by the fact that color of an iris changes: brown becomes more dark, gray or blue gets a green shade, etc. For detection of a symptom it is necessary to compare color of irises of the eye of both eyes. It is necessary to remember, however, that unilateral discoloration of an iris can have inborn character and is called a heterochromia.

The second sign - change of the drawing of an iris - is expression of a swelling. Owing to exudative reaction of a trabecula of an iris of the eye become edematous, and its thin, openwork details look greased, indistinct.

The third symptom - the Pupil becomes already and ceases to react to illumination change.

The listed triad of symptoms always to some extent exists at an inflammation of an iris of the eye, and its detection is enough for establishment of the diagnosis of an iritis. The described main signs of an iritis are found against the background of a pericorneal injection which can be considered the fourth main sign of an iritis.

Other signs of an iritis belong to auxiliary. Them a little. And the most frequent of them - back synechias - iris unions with a crystalline lens. It occurs because the iris concerns the back surface a front bag of a crystalline lens and at an inflammation of fabric of an iris of the eye commissures between it and a crystalline lens are formed. Back synechias - iris unions with a horn cover - at a narrow pupil are often not visible. To find them, in an eye dig in this or that мидриатик. The pupil extends, but unevenly: in the field of unions the edge of a pupil will remain on the former place.

Other auxiliary sign of an iritis - a hyphema, blood in an anterior chamber. It appears from behind a hyperpermeability of vessels; also ruptures of small vasculums can be observed.

Back synechias if they artificially are not broken off, can extend on all circle of a pupil. In that case there is its circular union with a front surface of a crystalline lens - a circular back synechia (a pupil union - secclusio pupillae). Front and back cameras are separated. In the last liquid accumulates, intraocular pressure increases. There is secondary glaucoma. The iris of the eye on the periphery is stuck out forward - develops бомбаж irises. If not to take the appropriate measures (to break off a synechia on some site, to puncture an iris), then the incurable blindness will develop.

The union of a pupil is followed by its fusion (occlusio pupillae), at the same time the crystalline lens in the field of a pupillary opening is covered with an opaque film. Than the pupil already, that occurs its union easier. If in that case even it is possible to break off a circular synechia, then all the same sight with a normal width of a pupil (if the film does not resolve) will remain very low - sometimes not exceeding photoperceptions.

The current of an iridocyclitis can be acute and chronic. Duration of acute forms usually 3-6 weeks, chronic - several months with tendency to a recurrence, especially in cold season. At changes in the refracting eye environments visual acuity decreases.

Iritis reasons:

Can be an infection source at an iritis: tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, rheumatism, flu, syphilis, leptospirosis, a brucellosis, a gonococcal infection, metabolism diseases, focal infections, wounds of eyes, operations on an eyeglobe, purulent processes in a cornea.

Treatment of the Iritis:

Early purpose of mydriatic means - installations of 1% of solution of sulfate of atropine, for night of 1% atropinic ointment. For the best mydriasis for a lower eyelid put the tampon moistened 0,1% with solution of Adrenalinum hydrochloricum and 1% hydrochloride cocaine solution, apply an electrophoresis of atropine or put 1-2 kristallik (!) of dry atropine for a lower eyelid.

Usually the doctor approximately recommends heat, on skin of a temple bloodsuckers put. Saliva of bloodsuckers possesses the disinfecting action and normalizes microblood circulation in fabrics. 2-4 copies of bloodsuckers are put on temporal area, at the level of a section of eyes on the horizontal line, and on mastoids behind ears. Statement of bloodsuckers on a nuchal pole of suboccipital area is sometimes shown. Favorably statement of bloodsuckers on both sides of the VII cervical vertebra affects the visual device.

In the acute period instillations of 1% of an emulsion of a hydrocortisone, a mortgaging of hydrocortisone ointment, subconjunctival injections of an emulsion of a cortisone or a hydrocortisone 1-2 times a week are appointed. For reduction of the inflammatory phenomena, the rassasyvaniye of exudate, elimination of fresh synechias appoint papain in the form of subkonjkznktivalny injections or an electrophoresis.

Carry out the general antiallergic and antiinflammatory treatment. Inside Butadionum, Rheopyrinum with a blood analysis, Salicylamidum is, as a rule, appointed; calcium drugs inside, intramusculary and intravenously; Dimedrol, Pipolphenum. At toksiko-allergic processes inside register corticosteroids.

In cases of acute purulent iridocyclites apply to treatment antibiotics and streptocides, vitamins C, B1, B2, B6, PP. At iridocyclites of a tubercular, toksoplazmozny, syphilitic, rheumatic etiology carry out specific treatment.

Treatment of fusion of a pupil is carried out by removal under a microscope of the organized film from a crystalline lens surface. If during intervention the crystalline lens bag is damaged, there will be the only opportunity - removal of a crystalline lens.

Acute forms of an iritis and iridocyclitis come to an end usually during 3-6 weeks, chronic several months proceed, are inclined to a recurrence, especially in cold season. Extent of decrease in sight depends on weight of process and changes in the refracting eye environments.