Teniarinkhoz
Description:
Teniarinkhoz - an intestinal invasion from group of teniidoz characterized by a chronic current with symptoms of gastrointestinal pathology and active allocations the member of k of helminth from an anus.
Teniarinkhoz's symptoms:
Powerful suckers when fixing a scolex, mobile joints, irritating neuromuscular receptors of a mucous membrane of a small intestine, are factors of the expressed mechanical influence of helminth in the place of its parasitizing, and also negative influence on motor and secretory functions of digestive tract in general. Advance of joints through a bauginiyeva a slonka provokes the pain syndrome which is shown the colicy pains reminding pains at appendicitis.
Massiveness of the absorbing surface helminth strobiles, consumption of feedstuffs creates their deficit in a diet infested that demands its recovery, being shown by feeling of hunger and bulimia.
A certain value in a pathogeny has allergotoksichesky action. But the oppressing influence on mentality of a sick constant vypolzaniye of joints from an anus and their movement is most of all expressed.
Scientific observations about immunosuppression at a teniarinkhoza are small and unconvincing.
Summary data on clinical signs of a teniarinkhoz showed that the most frequent symptom of a disease observed at 98% of patients is allocation of joints. At their active otkhozhdeniye infested has feelings of crawling, an itch in the field of an anus. Further, in the decreasing degree, complaints to pristupoobrazny abdominal pains, nausea and desires to vomiting, weakness, increase in appetite are registered, reduction, headaches, dizziness, locks or ponosa is more rare than it. Allergic symptoms - urticaria, an eosinophilia are seldom noted.
Teniarinkhoz in certain cases is followed by anemia of normokhromny or hypochromia character. Sometimes patients complain of unpleasant feelings in heart, heartbeat, an asthma, a sonitus, flashing of goosebumps before eyes, nasal bleedings.
Complications at the T invasion are described. saginatus: dynamic intestinal impassability at a multiple invasion, peritoneal abscesses, cholecystitis, appendicitis. Helminth joints at the movement can get into a middle ear through an Eustachian tube, into airways at allocation with an emetic masses.
Teniarinkhoz's reasons:
The activator of a teniarinkhoz - Taeniarhynchus saginatus bull, or unaided, a tapeworm (Goeze, 1782; Wein-land, 1858). Parasitizes in a small intestine of the person.
The body of an unaided tapeworm has the flat tape-like form and consists of a scolex, necks and strobiles. Helminth reaches in length of 7 - 10 m, also larger copies meet. The scolex has rounded square shape, with a diameter of 1,5 - 2 mm. On it four well developed muscular suckers without крючьев and the pigmented rudimentary proboscis are located. The short neck passes in a strobile which consists of 1000 - 2000 proglottids.
In an average third strobiles of a proglottid of square shape have a hermaphroditic structure with the systems which are well developed women's and men's sexual.
As the representative of Cyclophylidea group a bull tapeworm has the closed uterus therefore eggs in process of maturing are not allocated, and crowds in it. The uterus stretches, increases, in its median trunk there are side protrusions (18 - 32 from each party) which fill all joint. Other bodies atrophy, the joint acquires "women's" structure.
In a final part strobiles joints are narrowed and extended. Overripe trailer joints are serially torn away from strobiles and actively move, overcoming rectum sphincter resistance, come to perianal folds, in such way getting to external environment. A part of joints is allocated passively - with excrements during defecation is Daily allocated on average 6-11 (from 1 to 23) joints. The strobile at the same time is not shortened as from a neck отпо new young proglottids which постепен ripen kovyvatsya and are removed back.
More often single individuals of helminths parasitize, but the gda their number reaches several, 150 - 200 are registered. In these cases they have the small sizes - to 50 - 80 cm of length. Maturing of eggs in the growing joints proceeds unevenly and mature eggs of a tapeworm are present only at 30 - 50 terminal proglottids.
Eggs of an unaided tapeworm of a rounded oval form with a thin transparent and colourless cover. In egg there is a germ (oncosphere) with three couples крючьев.
Eggs are allocated from a proglottid during reduction at its movement or only after its disintegration in external environment. At the same time the gentle outside cover collapses, and in external environment already the germ - an oncosphere usually is found.
The oncosphere covered with thick double-circuit radially ischerchenny cover of yellowy-brown color has the sizes 30 - 40 x 20 - 30 microns and contains three couples germinal крючьев.
Destruction of an oncosphere happens under the influence of gastric, intestinal juice in the presence of bile in intestines of the final owner - the person.
Life cycle.
The bull tapeworm - biohelminth, its development comes to the end with the assistance of two owners.
A final owner of helminth at which the adult individual parasitizes is only the person.
As intermediate owners serve ruminants: cattle, buffalo s, yaks, a zebu, saigas at whom larvae - Finns or a cysticercus parasitize. Participation in a life cycle of a bull tapeworm of a ren at which a cysticercus are localized in a brain unlike obligate intermediate owners at whom they parasitize in muscles is proved.
In a human body the bull tapeworm is localized in a small intestine. Mature trailer joints, having separated from strobiles, leave passively at defecation or actively creep out of an anus. The ratio is active and passively allocated joints makes from 1: 3 to 1: 8.
In days 6-8 joints which get to external environment - the soil, a grass, water, hay on average depart. After destruction of a joint eggs - to 145 000 - 175 000 of one proglottid are released. T. saginatus the long-liver, it differs in the long parasitizing in an organism of the final owner reaching 20 - 50 years and only in one year of the patient teniarinkhozy the person allocates about 2500 joints from which about 440 million eggs are released! They are invazionna for animals. Infection of animals - intermediate owners - happens when swallowing eggs - oncospheres, and in some cases and joints, on a pasture to a grass, on a watering place to water, to hay in places of maintenance of the cattle. In intestines of the intermediate owner the cover of an oncosphere collapses, the larva through a wall of intestines gets into small blood vessels and is carried by a blood flow on an animal organism. Settle oncospheres usually in muscles (hearts, language, chewing, skeletal) or in intermuscular connective tissue elements where turn into a larva of the second stage of development - a cysticercus or to the Finn, invasive for the person. Maturing Finns happens in 4 - 5 months.
The Finn, or the cysticercus (Cysticercus bovis), represents the bubble of a rounded oval form of milky-white, grayish-white color filled with liquid rich with salts and sugars up to 7,5 - 9 x 5,5 mm in size. On an internal cover of a cysticercus the protoscolex (a head of a larva) armed with four suckers is located. Meat in which are available a cysticercus is called measly.
The person catches teniarnikhozy at consumption of measly meat, test of forcemeat from such meat, and also a crude brain of the ren containing Finns (national custom of northerners!).
At hit the Finn in a digestive tract of the person they under the influence of gastric, intestinal juice and bile turn out a protoscolex and by means of suckers are attached to a mucous membrane of a small bowel. Here process of a strobilyation - growth of helminth, formation of joints strobiles begins.
In 3 months the adult tape individual is formed and allocation of joints begins.
Teniarinkhoz's treatment:
Treatment of a teniarinkhoz is carried out in a hospital by phenasal or radio extract from a rhizome of a men's fern, pumpkin seeds. The forecast is favorable.
