Papaverine

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 20 g of a papaverine of a hydrochloride.

Excipients: disodium salt ethylene diamine of tetraacetic acid (эдетат dinatrium), methionine, water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. A papaverine the hydrochloride reduces a tone of unstriated muscles and renders in this regard sosudorasshiyoryayushchy and spasmolytic action. Is inhibitor of enzyme of phosphodiesterase and causes intracellular accumulation cyclic 3,5 adenosinemonophosphates that leads to disturbance of contractility of unstriated muscles and their relaxation.

Action of a papaverine on the central nervous system is expressed poorly, only in high doses it renders some sedation. In high doses reduces excitability of a cardiac muscle and slows down cordial conductivity inside.

Pharmacokinetics. Gets through gistogematichesky barriers. Communication with proteins - 90%. It is metabolized in a liver. Elimination half-life 0,5-2 hours. It is removed by kidneys (in the form of metabolites). It is removed at a hemodialysis.

Indications to use:

Spasms of unstriated muscles of abdominal organs, bronchial tubes, peripheral vessels and vessels of a brain, uric ways, renal colic. As supportive application for premedication.

Route of administration and doses:

The drug is administered intramusculary, subcutaneously or intravenously. The single dose for adults makes 0,02-0,04 (1-2 ml 20 mg/ml of solution); an interval between introductions - not less than 4 hours. Intravenous administration is made previously having diluted 20 mg/ml solution of drug of 10-20 ml of isotonic solution of sodium of chloride.

For elderly patients the initial single dose should not exceed 0,01 g. For children aged from 6 months up to 12 years the maximum single dose makes 0,3 mg/kg of body weight.

Features of use:

Intravenously the drug should be administered slowly and under control of the doctor. During treatment alcohol intake has to be excluded. Vazodilatiruyushchy action decreases at tobacco smoking.

At pregnancy and a lactation safety of drug is not established.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions, atrioventricular block, ventricular premature ventricular contraction, drowsiness, headache, nausea, lock, the increased perspiration, lowering of arterial pressure, increase in activity of "hepatic" transaminases, eosinophilia are possible; a swelling or pain in an injection site.

Interaction with other medicines:

Reduces antiparkinsonichesky effect of a levodopa and hypotensive effect Methyldopums.

In a combination with barbiturates spasmolytic action of a papaverine of a hydrochloride amplifies.

At combined use with tricyclic antidepressants, procaineamide, Reserpinum, quinidine sulfate strengthening of hypotensive effect is possible.

Contraindications:

Coma, respiratory depression, disturbance of atrioventricular conductivity, glaucoma, heavy liver failure, advanced age (risk of development of a hyperthermia), children's age up to 6 months, hypersensitivity to drug components.

With care (in small doses) - a state after a craniocereberal injury, a chronic renal failure, insufficiency of function of adrenal glands, a hypothyroidism, a prostate hyperplasia, supraventricular tachycardia, depressed cases.

Overdose:

Symptoms: diplopia, weakness, lowering of arterial pressure, drowsiness.

Treatment: symptomatic (maintenance of arterial pressure).

Storage conditions:

In the place protected from light at a temperature not above 25 °C. In the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity - 2 years. Not to use after the expiry date specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

20 mg/ml solution for injections on 2 ml in ampoules of neutral glass. 5 ampoules place in planimetric cell upakovku.1 or 2 blister strip packagings place in a pack from a cardboard. On 10 ampoules place in a pack from a cardboard for a retail container with partitions or lattices, or a separator from a cardboard or paper bag. On 10 ampoules place in a box from a cardboard. Put the application instruction, a knife in each pack or a box ampoule or the scarificator ampoule. When using ampoules with notches, rings or points the knife ampoule or the scarificator ampoule is not put.