Postural (orthostatic) hypotension
Contents:
Description:
Orthostatic hypotension - the considerable lowering of arterial pressure arising when the person rises that sometimes leads to reduction of blood supply of a brain and a faint.
Symptoms of Postural (orthostatic) hypotension:
The dizziness, weakness, misting of sight and other signs arising in vertical position.
Reasons of Postural (orthostatic) hypotension:
Orthostatic hypotension - not disease per se, but inability of vessels to support arterial pressure. It can have a set of the reasons.
When the person sharply gets up, gravity causes accumulation of blood in veins of the legs and bodies located in a lower body. It reduces a little a koliyochestvo of blood which is returned to heart, and respectively amount of blood which heart throws out. As a result arterial pressure falls. The organism reacts quickly: heart fights more often, reductions become stronger; blood vessels are narrowed so that their capacity becomes less. If these compensatory reactions are insufficient, then there is orthostatic hypotension.
The majority of episodes of orthostatic hypotension are side reaction on the drugs, especially some drugs appointed for treatment of cardiovascular diseases; as a rule, it concerns elderly people. For example, diuretics, especially powerful and in high doses, can reduce blood volume, deleting excess of liquid from an organism and by that reducing arterial pressure. Drugs which expand blood vessels for example nitrates, blockers of calcium channels and inhibitors of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ATPF), increase the capacity of vessels, at the same time lowering arterial pressure.
The volume of blood can decrease as a result of bleeding or considerable loss of liquid because of heavy vomiting, a diarrhea, excessive sweating, not treated diabetes mellitus or Addison's disease.
Some drugs and other substances, including barbiturates, alcohol and drugs for treatment of high arterial pressure and a depression, can suppress the nerve terminations which are in arteries which excite compensatory reactions. The diseases injuring nerves which regulate a tone of blood vessels are also capable to cause orthostatic hypotension. Such damage - an eurysynusic complication of a diabetes mellitus, an amyloidosis and injuries of a spinal cord.
Development mechanism hypotension
Treatment of Postural (orthostatic) hypotension:
Correction of the main state which led to orthostatic hypotension. It is necessary to avoid a long bed rest and an immobilization, in need of a long bed rest the remedial gymnastics in a bed is shown. Increase in consumption of table salt. Mineralokortikoida (it is necessary to remember danger of development of heart failure): the initial dose of a fludrokortizon makes 0,05–0,1 mg inside 1 р / days, the maximum dose — 0,1 mg 2 р / days. In 1 week of therapy it is necessary to define concentration in blood serum of potassium ions.
