Cefalexin

General characteristics. Structure:

International and chemical names: Cefalexin; 7 (D - a-aminofenil-acetamido) - 3-methyl-3-tsefem-4-carboxylic acid monohydrate; main physical and chemical properties: the capsules with a lid and the case of yellow color containing powder, white or white with slightly yellowish shade; structure: one capsule contains cefalexin 0,25 g; excipients: methyl cellulose water-soluble, calcium stearate, potato starch.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Cefalexin – the semi-synthetic tsefalosporinovy antibiotic of the first generation of a broad spectrum of activity intended for oral administration.
Has bactericidal effect, inhibiting synthesis of a peptidoglikan of cell walls of microorganisms. It is active concerning gram-positive (staphylococcus, not producing and producing a penicillinase; streptococci, pneumococci, diphtheria sticks) and gram-negative microorganisms (meningokokka, gonokokka, shigella, salmonella, colibacillus). It is inefficient concerning a stick of blue-green pus, indolpositive strains a protea, mycobacteria of tuberculosis, anaerobic microorganisms.

Pharmacokinetics. Absorption of Cefalexin in a digestive tract makes 30-40%. The maximum concentration in a blood plasma is reached in 1,5-2 h after administration of drug inside. Linkng of Cefalexin with proteins of plasma low (10-15%). Badly gets through GEB, but gets into breast milk. Practically is not exposed to biotransformation in a liver. It is allocated preferential with kidneys, partially excreted with bile.

Indications to use:

The infections caused by microorganisms, sensitive to drug: infections of upper and lower respiratory tracts, uric ways, infections of skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, otorhinolaryngological infections, gynecologic and puerperal infections, septicaemia, gonorrhea.

Route of administration and doses:

The dose is established individually taking into account weight of a current and localization of an infection, sensitivity of the activator.
Drug is appointed inside, irrespective of meal, accept capsules without chewing and washing down with a large amount of water.
The adult appoint in a dose 0,25 g 4 times a day or on 0,5 g 2 times a day; at heavy infections – 4 g a day. A course of treatment – 7-14 days. At clearance of creatinine of 10 ml/min. the maximum daily dose for adults – 1,5 g.
At gonorrhea Cefalexin is appointed: to men – on 3 g on 1 reception together with 1 g of a probenetsid; to women – on 2 g on 1 reception together with 0,5 g of a probenetsid.
Treatment by Cefalexin should be continued within 2 days after disappearance of clinical symptoms of a disease (except for gonorrhea).
At persistent recurrent infections or the complicated infections of uric ways duration of a course of treatment has to make not less than 2 weeks.
At the infections caused by a beta and hemolitic streptococcus of group A, the minimum duration of treatment makes 10 days.
To children in such dosage form drug is not appointed, it is recommended to appoint it in the form of suspension.

Features of use:

Use of drug during pregnancy and feeding by a breast is shown only when the estimated advantage for mother exceeds risk of possible negative impacts on a fruit.
With care appoint at abnormal liver functions and/or kidneys, instructions to colitis in the anamnesis. There is a possibility of a cross allergy between cephalosporins and antibiotics of a penicillinic row. Therefore care at purpose of Cefalexin is necessary for patients at whom the allergy to penicillin was observed.
At the patients accepting cephalosporins or penicillin positive reaction of Koombs, and also false positive reaction of urine to sugar is possible.
During therapy it is not necessary to take alcohol.

Side effects:

In the recommended dose drug usually well is transferred. The dispepsichesky phenomena, a headache, dizziness, the general weakness, candidiasis of a mucous membrane of a vagina, an itch in the field of an anus, an eosinophilia, a neutropenia, allergic reactions, tranzitorny increase in level of serumal aminotransferases, hepatitis are possible.

Interaction with other medicines:

Cephalosporins can strengthen effect of indirect anticoagulants.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Overdose:

About cases of overdose of Cefalexin it was not reported.

Storage conditions:

Store in dry, protected from light and unavailable to children, the place at the room temperature. A period of validity - 2 years.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

On 10 capsules in a blister strip packaging, on 2 packagings in a pack.