Piracetam

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 400 mg of piracetam in 1 capsule.

Piracetam exerts positive impact on exchange processes of a brain.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Piracetam exerts positive impact on exchange processes of a brain. Increases concentration of ATP in brain fabric, strengthens biosynthesis of RNA and phospholipids, stimulates glycoclastic processes, strengthens glucose utilization. Drug improves integrative activity of a brain, promotes memory improvement, has protective action at various forms of a cerebral hypoxia, facilitates training process.

Piracetam improves bonds between cerebral hemispheres and synaptic conduction in neocortical structures, recovers and stabilizes cerebral functions, especially consciousness, memory and the speech, increases intellectual working capacity, improves a brain blood stream.

Pharmacokinetics. After intake piracetam is well soaked up and gets into various bodies and fabrics. The maximum concentration of drug in blood is observed in 1 hour after reception. Gets through a blood-brain barrier, collects in brain fabric. Out of cerebrospinal fluid it is brought much more slowly, than out of other fabrics that testifies to high tropism to brain fabric. In an organism piracetam is practically not exposed to biotransformation. It is allocated preferential with kidneys.

Indications to use:

Piracetam is applied in neurologic, psychiatric and narcological practice.

In neurologic practice piracetam is applied mainly, at vascular diseases of a brain (atherosclerosis, a hypertension, vascular parkinsonism) with the phenomena of the chronic cerebral and vascular insufficiency which is shown in disturbances of memory, attention, the speech in dizzinesses and a headache; at disturbances of cerebral circulation and at coma and subcomas after injuries and intoxications of a brain, and also during recovery therapy after these states for the purpose of increase in motor and mental performance of patients. Piracetam is also applied at patients with the diseases of a nervous system which are followed by decrease intellectual мнестических functions and disturbances of the emotional and strong-willed sphere.

In psychiatric practice piracetam is applied at patients with neurotic depressions of various genesis with dominance in a clinical picture of signs of an adynamia, asthenic and senesto-hypochiondrial disturbances, the phenomena of ideatorny block, and also at therapy of sluggish and apathetic defective states senile and atrophic processes, in complex therapy of the mental diseases proceeding on "integrally defective soil". Besides, piracetam is applied as supportive application at treatment of depressive diseases, resistant to antidepressants, and also at bad portability of neuroleptics and other psychotropic drugs for the purpose of elimination or prevention of the somatovegetativny, neurologic or mental complications caused by them. As supportive application piracetam can be applied at epilepsy.

In narcological practice drug is used as means of stopping abstinent, pre-and delirious states at alcoholism and drug addiction, and also in cases of an acute alcoholic poisoning, morphine, barbiturates, Phenaminum, etc. Besides, piracetam apply at treatment of an alcoholism with the phenomena of permanent disturbances of mental activity (an adynamy, intellectual мнестические disturbances, etc.).

In pediatric practice drug is used if necessary to accelerate process of training and to liquidate effects of the perinatal injuries of a brain caused by pre-natal infections, a hypoxia, a birth trauma at an oligophrenia, a delay of intellectual development, cerebral palsy.

Route of administration and doses:

Piracetam is applied usually inside to food, since a daily dose of 1,2 g (on 0,4 g 3 times a day) and bring it to 2,4 g, sometimes — to 3,2 g and more. The clear therapeutic effect in these cases is noted, as a rule, in 2 — 3 weeks from an initiation of treatment. In the subsequent the dose is reduced to 1,2 — 1,6 g (0,4 g 3 — 4 times a day). The course of treatment is continued from 2 — 3 weeks to 2 — 6 months. If necessary the course of treatment is repeated.

Treatment by piracetam if necessary can be combined using psychotropic, cardiovascular and other medicines.

To children under 5 years drug is appointed on 0,2 g by 3 times a day to food, to children aged from 5 up to 16 years — on 0,4 g 3 times a day. Maximum daily dose of 1,8 g. In need of long-term therapy carrying out 2 — 3 courses within a year is recommended.

Features of use:

At the patients receiving antiepileptic drugs, piracetam has to be applied against the background of the continuing main therapy by antiepileptic drugs as at predisposed patients the threshold of convulsive readiness can go down.

Side effects:

Side effects are most often noted at purpose of drug in doses more than 5 g a day. The acrimony, excitement, a sleep disorder, a headache, dispeptic frustration, sexual stimulation are possible, the increased physical activity, at patients of advanced age occasionally is noted a sharpening of coronary insufficiency. In these cases it is necessary to reduce a dose or to stop administration of drug.

Drug exerts impact on ability to manage vehicles.

Interaction with other medicines:

Piracetam strengthens effects of hormones of a thyroid gland, neuroleptics, antidepressants, some other the psychotropic and stimulating drugs, medicines strengthening cerebral circulation and indirect anticoagulants; anti-anginal drugs (at elderly patients).

Weakens effect of anticonvulsant drugs.

Contraindications:

Acute renal failure, depression with concern (the agitated depressions), Huntington disease, pregnancy and feeding by a breast. Piracetam use is contraindicated to children till 1 year.

Overdose:

Symptoms: at overdose strengthening of side effects is possible.

Treatment: drug withdrawal or reduction of a dose.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Capsules of 400 mg in a blister strip packaging No. 10х3.