Salbutamol-nativa

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 1 mg of salbutamol of a gemisuktsinat.

Vpomogatelny substances: the succinic acid, water purified.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Broncholitic means. Salbutamol is a stimulator beta2-adrenergic receptors. The bronchodilatory effect is shown in 1-3 minute after inhalation of drug and authentically increases by 10th minute, the maximum of action is reached by 15-20 minute, duration of action makes 4-5 hours.

In therapeutic doses has also expressed promoting effect on beta2-adrenoceptors of blood vessels and a myometrium. Practically does not okazyyovat action on heart beta1-adrenoceptors. Inhibits release from mast cells of mediators of an inflammation and basophiles, in particular, anti-lgE - the induced emission of a histamine, leukotrienes and D2 prostaglandin, eliminates antigenzavisimy suppression of mukotsiliarny transport and allocation of a factor of a heyomotaksis of neutrophils. Suppresses an early and late phase of an allergic reakyotion. Renders the expressed broncholitic effect, warning or stopping spasms of bronchial tubes, reduces resistance in respiratory tracts, increases the zhizyonenny capacity of lungs. Positively influences mukotsiliarny clearance, stimulates slime secretion, activates functions of a ciliary epithelium. Preduprezhyodayet development of the bronchospasm induced by allergen. Can cause a desensitization and decrease in number of beta adrenoceptors, including on lymphocytes. Obladayoet number of metabolic effects: reduces the content of potassium in plasma, influences a glycogenolysis and release of insulin, renders hyper glycemic and lipolytic effect, increases risk of development of acidosis. In the recommended therapeutic doses does not exert negative impact on cardiovascular system, does not cause increase in arterial pressure. To a lesser extent, in comparison with medicines of this group, okazyyovat positive hrono-and inotropic action. Causes expansion of koronaryony arteries. Has tokolitichesky effect: lowers a tone and sokratitelyyony activity of a myometrium.

Pharmacokinetics. At inhalation of 10-20% reaches small bronchial tubes and it is gradually soaked up, a part of a dose after a proglatyvaniye is absorbed from digestive tract. It Podveryogatsya to presistemny metabolism in a liver and an intestinal wall. An elimination half-life - about 4 h. It is removed with urine and bile, it is preferential in not changed look (90%) or in the form of a glucuronide.

Indications to use:

• Bronchial asthma (for stopping of attacks of suffocation).
• Reversible bronchial obstruction (prevention and treatment), including chronic obstructive бо­лезнь lungs.

Route of administration and doses:

The drug "Salbutamol-nativ" is used it is inhalation only by means of the nebulizer of any design. 1 ml of drug contains 1 mg of salbutamol of a gemisuktsinat (in terms of salbutamol of 0,8 mg/ml). The nebulizer turns solution into an aerosol for inhalation. At use solution has to have room temperature (cold solution can cause tussive effect). Before use of drug it is necessary to study the maintenance instruction of the nebulizer attentively:

1. Prepare the nebulizer for use.
2. Place drug solution in the nebulizer. It is not necessary to mix solution with other drugs. Solution can be diluted with the distilled water or 0,9% of sodium of chloride.
3. After the end of inhalation remove the remained solution and wash up the nebulizer.

When using Salbutamola-nativ solution via the nebulizer, the initial dose of drug makes for adults and children 12 years - 2,5 mg are more senior, but it can be increased to 5 mg. Inhalations spend each 4-6 hours within the first 24-48 hours of therapy or to stabilization of a clinical picture. Improvement of a state is observed after inhalation usually in 10-15 minutes. At a heavy exacerbation of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease frequency rate of administration of drug can be considerably increased - possibly purpose of drug each 30-60 minutes before achievement of clinical effect (at adults to 40 mg a day). Use for children from 18 months to 12 years.

For removal of an attack of a bronchospasm: a single dose of 2 mg on inhalation to 4 times a day under observation of specialists. For prevention of 2 mg/days.

Features of use:

Data on negative influence on ability to driving of motor transport and other activity requiring special attention and bystry reactions no. Nevertheless, the issue of a possibility of driving should be resolved after assessment of individual portability of drug.

If action of a usual dose of drug become less effective, the patient should see a doctor.

At emergence of a paradoxical bronchospasm it is necessary to stop immediately it by means of other dosage form of salbutamol or high-speed inhalation bronchodilator, to stop treatment and to appoint therapy other drugs.

Use during breastfeeding. As salbutamol gets into breast milk, its use during feeding by a breast perhaps only if the expected therapeutic effect for mother exceeds potential risk for the child.

Side effects:

Feeling of internal concern and slight tremor of skeletal muscles, spasm, heart consciousness, sleep disorder, paradoxical bronchospasm, cough, dermahemia of the person, nervous tension, uneasiness, headache, dizziness, tachycardia (at pregnancy - at mother and at a fruit), excitement, dyspepsia, a nose congestion, pharyngitis, an ischuria, perspiration, a hyperglycemia, increase in content in blood of free fatty acids, a hypopotassemia, a Quincke's disease, allergic reactions (a small tortoiseshell, an erythema, a face edema), a lowering of arterial pressure, arrhythmia, irritation of respiratory tracts, dryness of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity and throat, change of flavoring feelings, dermatitis.

Interaction with other medicines:

The drug "Salbutamol-nativ" is well combined with antiasthmatic drugs of other pharmacological groups (glucocorticosteroids, stabilizers of membranes, antihistaminic, expectorants, Mucolyticums, cholinolytics, xanthines).

Theophylline and other xanthines at simultaneous use increase probability of development of tachyarrhythmias; means for inhalation anesthesia, a levodopa - heavy ventricular arrhythmias.

Inhibitors of a monoaminooxidase and tricyclic antidepressants strengthen effect of salbutamol, can lead to a sharp lowering of arterial pressure.

Co-administration of salbutamol and non-selective beta adrenoblockers (such as propranolol) at patients with bronchial asthma because of danger of development of a heavy bronchospasm is not recommended.

Anticholinergics in an inhalation form at simultaneous use can cause increase in intraocular pressure.

Diuretics and glucocorticosteroids strengthen gipokaliyemichesky effect of salbutamol. Strengthens action of stimulators of the central nervous system, side effect on heart of hormones of a thyroid gland. The need for nitrates and hypotensive drugs in case of increase in heart rate and, as a result, arterial pressure against the background of treatment by salbutamol increases. Strengthens probability of development of premature ventricular contraction against the background of reception of cardiac glycosides.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to drug components,
• coronary heart disease,
• heavy heart failure,
• disturbances of a rhythm (paroxysmal tayokhikardiya,
• polytopic ventricular premature ventricular contraction),
• myocarditis,
• heart diseases,
• aortal stenosis,
• dekompensirovanny diabetes mellitus,
• glaucoma,
• epipripadka,
• piloroduodenalny narrowing,
• diseases of kidneys and a liver with disturbance of their funkyotion,
• pregnancy,
• concomitant use of non-selective beta adrenoblockers,
• children's age up to 18 months.

With care:

- chronic heart failure,
- arterial giperyotenziya,
- hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma,
- thyrotoxicosis.

Overdose:

Symptoms: tachycardia, disturbance of a cordial rhythm, expansion of peripheral vessels, lowering of arterial pressure, anoxemia, hypopotassemia, hyperglycemia, muscular tremor, headache, excitement.

Treatment. Drug withdrawal and performing symptomatic therapy (purpose of the selection beta adrenoblockers demands care from patients with bronchial asthma because of danger of development of a heavy bronchospasm).

Storage conditions:

In the dry, protected from light place, at a temperature not above 25 °C. To store in the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity - 2 years. Not to use after the date specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

Solution for inhalations of 0,8 mg/ml. On 2,5; 5; or 10 ml in bottles from a drot for medicines or the bottles of orange glass corked by rubber bungs, which are pressed out by caps aluminum. On 10 bottles together with the application instruction in a pack from a cardboard bandbox.