Furadonin

General characteristics. Structure:

Active agent: nitrofurantoin of 50 mg.

Pharmacological properties:

Antimicrobic broad-spectrum agent derivative of nitrofuran. Has bacteriostatic and bactericidal action at infections of urinary tract. Nitrofurantoin is active concerning Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp.
It is effective mainly at infections of urinary tract.

Pharmacokinetics. It is well absorbed from a GIT. Bioavailability makes 50% (food increases bioavailability). Speed of absorption depends on the sizes of crystals (the microcrystallic form is characterized by bystry solubility and speed of absorption, short time of achievement of Cmax in urine). Communication with proteins of plasma - 60%. It is metabolized in a liver and muscular tissue. T1/2 - 20-25 min. Gets through GEB, a placental barrier, it is allocated with breast milk. It is removed completely by kidneys (30-50% - in not changed look).

Indications to use:

The infectious and inflammatory diseases of urinary tract (including pyelonephritis, cystitis) caused by microorganisms, sensitive to nitrofurantoin.

Route of administration and doses:

The dose for adults makes 50-100 mg, frequency rate of use - 4 Daily dose for children - 5-7 mg/kg in 4 receptions. Duration of a course of treatment - 7 days. Treatment continuation within 3 days is in case of need possible (only after control of urine on sterility). When performing the prolonged supporting treatment of a dose of nitrofurantoin it is necessary to reduce.

Features of use:

The risk of development of a peripheral neuropathy increases at patients with anemia, a diabetes mellitus, disturbance of electrolytic balance, a vitamin deficiency of the group B expressed by a renal failure.
Nitrofurantoin should not be applied to treatment of diseases of cortical substance of kidneys, at a purulent paranephritis and prostatitis. Nitrofurantoin is not appointed in a combination with the drugs causing renal failures.

Side effects:

- From respiratory system: thorax pain, cough, an asthma, pulmonary infiltrates, an eosinophilia, an intersticial pneumonitis or fibrosis, decrease in indicators of function of external respiration, an attack of bronchial asthma at patients with asthma in the anamnesis.
- From the alimentary system: a sensation of discomfort in epigastriums, anorexia, nausea, vomiting; seldom - hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, abdominal pains, diarrhea.
- From TsNS and a peripheral nervous system: peripheral neuropathy, headache, nystagmus, dizziness, drowsiness.
- From system of a hemopoiesis: a leukopenia, a granulocytopenia, an agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolitic anemia, megaloblastny anemia (these changes have reversible character).
- Allergic reactions: small tortoiseshell, Quincke's edema, skin itch, rash; very seldom - an acute anaphylaxis.
- Dermatological reactions: exfoliative dermatitis, mnogoformny erythema.
- Other: medicinal fever, an arthralgia, are possible grippopodobny symptoms, the superinfection of an urinogenital path more often caused by a pyocyanic stick.

Interaction with other medicines:

Simultaneous use of Acidum nalidixicum and the antacids containing magnesium trisilicate reduces antibacterial effect of nitrofurantoin.
Nitrofurantoin is incompatible with ftorkhinolona.
At simultaneous use the drugs blocking canalicular secretion reduce antibacterial effect of nitrofurantoin (due to decrease in concentration of nitrofurantoin in urine) and increase its toxicity (concentration in blood increases).

Contraindications:

The expressed disturbances of secretory function of kidneys, renal failure, oliguria, insufficiency glyukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy, pregnancy, early children's age (up to 1 month), hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin, heart failure of the II-III stage, cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, an acute porphyria, a lactation.

Overdose:

There are no data.

Storage conditions:

In the dry, protected from light place.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

In a blister strip packaging of 10 pieces; in a pack cardboard 2 packagings.