Parkhon's syndrome
Contents:
Description:
Parkhon's syndrome (syndrome of inadequate products of vasopressin, SNPV, ADG hypersecretion syndrome, gipergidropeksichesky syndrome, not sugar anti-diabetes) — hyperfunction of a hypothalamus and a back share of a hypophysis with the raised products of vasopressin. This rare pathology is called by name the author who allocated in 1938 the symptom complex caused by supersecretion of vasopressin (ADG) at decrease in oncotic and osmotic pressure of a blood plasma in the presence of a hyponatremia. In the western literature the syndrome of inadequate products of vasopressin was in details described in 1957 by V. Shvartts and T. Barter.
Symptoms of the Syndrome of Parkhon:
It is characterized by a hyponatremia, hypoosmolarity of a blood plasma and removal of rather concentrated urine (osmolarity of urine> 300 ¼Äß¼/kg). Symptoms of water intoxication which degree of manifestation depends on degree and the speed of development of a hyponatremia and an overhydratation are leading. Concentration of ADG in a blood plasma exceeds level, normal corresponding to the measured osmolality of plasma. Function of adrenal glands and a thyroid gland is not broken, the hypolithemia often comes to light.
Patients show complaints to scanty urination against the background of the usual drinking mode and increase in body weight. At the same time peripheral hypostases, as a rule, are absent or are insignificant in connection with sodium loss. Considerable decrease in concentration of sodium in a blood plasma (to 125 mmol/l and) gives to development of symptoms of water intoxication below: slackness, headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, depression, sleep disorder or drowsiness, muscular weakness, spasms of muscles, spasms. Further decrease in concentration of sodium (it is lower than 120 mmol/l) and osmolarity of plasma is lower 250 ¼Äß¼«½ý/l leads to confusion of consciousness, a disorientation, psychoses, a somnolention, spasms, decrease in body temperature, a loss of consciousness, a coma — the listed symptoms testify in favor of the developed wet brain. Hyponatremia degree not always correlates with clinical symptomatology — weight of a state to a large extent depends on speed and intensity of increase of hypoosmolarity in cerebral liquid.
Reasons of the Syndrome of Parkhon:
The reasons promoting development of a syndrome of Parkhon:
tumors, especially small-celled cancer of a lung;
not tumoral diseases of lungs: pneumonia, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, pheumothorax, a cavity or abscess, breath under constant positive pressure, a pleura empyema, a mucoviscidosis;
any defeats of TsNS, including volume processes, infections, injuries, vascular and metabolic disorders;
some medicines can cause a syndrome, stimulating secretion of ADG or strengthening its action on collective tubules.
Treatment of the Syndrome of Parkhon:
Basis of therapy of a syndrome is the kuration of the basic disease which was complicated by development of a syndrome of Parkhon.
Distinguish an acute hyponatremia (or an aggravation of chronic) and an asymptomatic chronic hyponatremia. The treatment purpose — normalization of osmolality of plasma and elimination of an overhydratation. Medical tactics depends on the speed of increase of a hyponatremia (acute or chronic), concentration of sodium in a blood plasma and conditions of the patient.
