Alopecia

Description:

Alopecia (a lysost, from other - Greek   through lat. alopecia — baldness, baldness) — the pathological hair loss leading to their poredeniye or total disappearance in certain areas of the head or trunk. Treats the most widespread types of an alopecia androgenetichesky (androgenetic), diffusion or symptomatic (effluviums), focal or gnezdny (areata), cicatricial (scarring).

Alopecia symptoms:

The diffusion alopecia is characterized by a severe uniform hair loss on all surface of a pilar part of the head of men and women as a result of failure of development cycles of hair. As the diffusion alopecia is a consequence of disturbances in work of all organism, it sometimes call symptomatic. On prevalence the diffusion alopecia takes the second place after an androgenetichesky alopecia. Women are subject to it more than men. Allocate a telogenovy and anagenovy form of a diffusion alopecia. At more often found telogenovy form after the reason which provoked an alopecia to 80% of hair follicles ahead of schedule go to a phase of a telogen (rest), stopping making hair.
The focal (gnezdny) alopecia is presented in the form of one or several roundish centers of baldness of the different sizes which are located on a pilar part of the head in eyebrows, a beard, eyelashes or a trunk. At a course of a disease the centers, increasing, can merge with each other, forming areas of defeat of any form.
If progressing of a disease on a pilar part of the head is resulted by her full baldness, the alopecia is called total. Sometimes there is a full hair loss on all body — then the alopecia is called universal.
According to different data the frequency of manifestation of a focal alopecia among all types of baldness makes from 0,5% to 2%.
Common feature of various forms of a cicatricial alopecia is irreversible damage of hair follicles and emergence on their place of connecting (cicatricial) fabric. In structure of types of baldness the cicatricial alopecia makes 1-2%.

Alopecia reasons:

  Diffusion alopecia.
    * nervous stresses;
    * hormonal disturbances, for example, as a result of a disease of a thyroid gland, pregnancy, reception of unsuccessful hormonal contraceptives;
    * prolonged use of antibiotics, neuroleptics, antidepressants and a number of other drugs;
    * surgeries, acute infectious and serious chronic diseases;
    * diets with a lack of the elements, vital for an organism.
Focal alopecia. The reasons and the mechanism of development of a focal alopecia are studied badly. Consider that disturbances in immune system, genetic predisposition to a disease, stresses, bad ecology, physical injuries and acute diseases can be such reasons.
Cicatricial alopecia. Infections (virus, bacterial, fungal), defiant inflammatory reactions around hair follicles, on site which connecting fabric as a result appears can be the cause of a cicatricial alopecia. If treatment of an infection is made timely, hair can remain. The cicatricial alopecia often results from physical injuries — wounds, thermal or corrosive burns.

Treatment of the Alopecia:

The amazing belief of people in miracle drugs from baldness led to emergence of a huge number of various means which at best are purely cosmetic and at least do not do harm. In fact, the real destination of all these shampoos with dietary supplements, creams, conditioners — to hide loss of hair, for example, due to increase in volume of a head of hear. However it was shown that so far as health of hair quite strongly depends on composure of the person, against the background of auto-suggestion the expressed positive effect from use of similar cosmetics is quite possible. Actually, special drugs from baldness exist, but to select them for themselves and it is necessary to apply only after consultation of the cosmetologist. Especially as it is necessary to find an actual reason of an active hair loss previously.
There are 2 types of operations on hair transplant.
The first look is a strip method in which for change use the piece of leather which is cut out from a donor zone on an occipital part. The rag is cut on grafta (графт contains 1-3 bulbs of hair) and changes.
The most modern way of change is the seamless (follicular) method at which hair bulbs are taken from a donor zone on one special tool. In this case, at the insufficient number of hair on an occipital part of the head, the chin, a breast, legs can be a donor zone.
Today hair transplant is the only thing efficiently of a hair reconstruction and treatments of baldness. Survival of the replaced hair more than 95%.