Etamsylate

General characteristics. Structure:

Active ingredient: 250 mg of etamsylate in 2 ml of solution.

Excipients: sodium sulfite a feast, sodium sulfite anhydrous, disodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (Trilonum of B), water for injections.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacokinetics. Drug has haemo static effect which action mechanism is up to the end not found out. It is considered that etamsylate reduces education in an endothelium of vessels of prostacyclin (PGI2). It promotes increase in adhesion, and then and aggregation of thrombocytes that, eventually, leads to a stop or reduction of bleeding.

Etamsylate strengthens education in a wall of capillaries of mucopolysaccharides with a big molecular weight, increases capillary resistance, normalizes permeability of the last at pathological processes and improves microcirculation.

Against the background of treatment etamsylate recovers patholologically the changed hemostasis indicators, for example, a bleeding time. This drug does not influence normal parameters of system of a hemostasis.

After course treatment the effect remains within 5-8 days, gradually weakening. At intravenous administration the system of a hemostasis is activated within 5-15 minutes. Haemo static action remains within 4-6 hours. Completely haemo static effect disappears in 24 hours after introduction. At intramuscular introduction its action comes later.

Pharmacokinetics. Drug is well soaked up at intramuscular introduction. Its effective concentration in blood of 0,05-0,02 mg/ml. It contacts proteins of plasma and uniform elements of blood a little.

Drug is removed in not changed look. In 5 minutes after intravenous administration of 20-30% of drug in not changed look it is removed with urine. In 4 hours about 100% of the entered dose are brought out of an organism.

Indications to use:

Etamsylate is appointed for prevention and a stop of capillary bleedings at operative measures (especially at operations on strongly vaskulyarizovanny bodies and fabrics), injuries, diabetic angiopatiya, the subway menorrhagias, hemorrhagic diathesis (including, in case of emergency), and also at pulmonary, intestinal and renal bleedings.

It must be kept in mind that etamsylate does not increase threat of tromboembolic episodes.

Use of etamsylate at patients with the broken indicators of coagulant system of blood is possible, but it has to be added with administration of the drugs eliminating the revealed deficit or defect of factors of coagulant system.

Route of administration and doses:

Etamsylate is applied intravenously, intramusculary, enter under a conjunctiva and retrobulbarno.

With the preventive purpose the drug is administered intravenously or intramusculary in 1 hour prior to operation on 0,25-0,5 g (2-4 ml of 12,5% of solution).

If necessary during operation enter intravenously in a dose 2-4 ml of 12,5% of solution. At danger of postoperative bleeding enter preventively 4-6 ml of 12,5% of solution a day.

In the medical purposes in case of emergency etamsylate is entered intravenously or intramusculary (2-4 ml of 12,5% of solution), and then every 4-6 hours on 2 ml parenterally within 5-10 days. It is possible to enter intravenously kapelno in usual solutions for infusions.

At treatment of the subway menorrhagias etamsylate is appointed on 0,25 g parenterally every 6-8 hours in the period of hemorrhages.

At treatment of hemorrhages against the background of diseases of system of blood etamsylate is appointed parenterally on 0,25-0,5 g by 1-2 times a day within 3-8 days, and then pass to reception of tablets.

At diabetic limfoangiopatiya (a retinopathy with hemorrhages) etamsylate is appointed intramusculary (10-14 days) on 2 ml by 2 times a day.

Subkonjyunktivalno or retrobulbarno (a keratoplasty, removal of a cataract, glaucoma operation, etc.) is entered by 1 ml of 12,5% of solution.

Features of use:

Care (despite the lack of contribution to formation of blood clots) at purpose of etamsylate is necessary for patients with thromboses or embolisms in the anamnesis.

At the hemorrhagic complications connected with overdose of anticoagulants it is necessary to use specific antidotes.

Etamsylate is appointed only as supportive application and, mainly, at disturbances of a platelet and vascular hemostasis of components.

The drug cannot be administered with other medicines, except solvent, in one syringe.

Side effects:

- allergic reactions;

- hyperemia of the person;

- paresthesias in extremities;

- lowering of arterial pressure;

- dizziness;

- headache.

Interaction with other medicines:

Drug is compatible about an epsilon aminocapronic acid (and other antifibrinolitika) and Vikasolum.

Reduces effect of acetylsalicylic acid and anticoagulants of indirect action.

Contraindications:

- the increased individual sensitivity to drug;

- acute porphyria.

Overdose:

In the recommended doses and ways of introduction drug does not cause intoxications and overdose.

Storage conditions:

List B. To store in protected from light and the place, unavailable to children. A period of validity - 3 years. Not to use after the term specified on packaging.

Issue conditions:

According to the recipe

Packaging:

12,5% solution for injections on 2 ml in ampoules (250 mg in one ampoule).